Lipids of Geochemical Interest in Microalgae

Volkman, John K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-54529-5_10-1

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…2014, Balzano et�al. 2017, Volkman 2018), our results from stable isotope experiments confirm that LCAs and LCDs derive from C 14–18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%

“…1996, Gelin et�al. 1997b, Volkman 2018). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy on the cell wall of N. gaditana demonstrated the presence of ether bonds and also found some C=O stretches, but whether the latter are related to carboxylic, aldehyde, ketone or ester functional groups is not clear (Scholz et�al.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1997a, Balzano et�al. 2017, Volkman 2018), suggest that LCHFAs originate from C 14–18 fatty acids either by condensation of two fatty acids or elongation/in-chain hydroxylation. Subsequently LCHFAs are likely to be reduced to form LCDs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1997b), some of the LCAs and LCDs present in Nannochloropsis spp. likely occur as ester-bound moieties to polymeric carboxyl groups (Volkman 2018). The formation of esters from alcohols and fatty acids is typically catalyzed by bifunctional wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase (WS-DGAT) (Kalscheuer and Steinbuchel 2003).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1997b, Scholz et�al. 2014, Zhang and Volkman 2017, Volkman 2018) as part of a polymer, termed algaenan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols inNannochloropsisspp. (Eustigmatophyceae)

Balzano

Villanueva

Bar

et al. 2019

Plant and Cell Physiology

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We investigated potential biosynthetic pathways of long chain alkenols (LCAs), long chain alkyl diols (LCDs), and long chain hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) in Nannochloropsis oceanica and Nannochloropsis gaditana, by combining culturing experiments with genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Incubation of Nannochloropsis spp. in the dark for 1 week led to significant increases in the cellular concentrations of LCAs and LCDs in both species. Consistently, 13C-labelled substrate experiments confirmed that both LCA and LCD were actively produced in the dark from C14–18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation/hydroxylation, although no enzymatic evidence was found for the former pathway. Nannochloropsis spp. did, however, contain (i) multiple polyketide synthases (PKSs) including one type (PKS-Clade II) that might catalyze incomplete fatty acid elongations leading to the formation of 3-OH-fatty acids, (ii) 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratases (HADs), which can possibly form Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids, and (iii) fatty acid elongases (FAEs) that could elongate 3-OH-fatty acids and Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids to longer products. The enzymes responsible for reduction of the long chain fatty acids to LCDs and LCAs are, however, unclear. A putative wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase is likely to be involved in the esterification of LCAs and LCDs in the cell wall. Our data thus provide useful insights in predicting the biosynthetic pathways of LCAs and LCDs in phytoplankton suggesting a key role of FAE and PKS enzymes.

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“…2014, Balzano et�al. 2017, Volkman 2018), our results from stable isotope experiments confirm that LCAs and LCDs derive from C 14–18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 68%