Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Byambasuren, Oyungerel; Stehlik, Paulina; Clark, Justin; Alcorn, Kylie; Glasziou, Paul

doi:10.1101/2022.06.20.22276621

Cited by 45 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(54 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Our finding is reassuring since even though vaccination reduces the severity of COVID-19, its impact on preventing or treating long-COVID has been unclear 5 . Hence, reliance on vaccination as a sole mitigation strategy may not optimally reduce the societal risk of long-COVID 5 , e.g. due to low vaccine uptake and no evidence of a strong preventive effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Our results suggest that vaccination with a third dose provides some protection against post-acute symptoms and new-onset general health conditions after infection during Omicron, compared to those vaccinated with two doses. Our finding is reassuring since even though vaccination reduces the severity of COVID-19, its impact on preventing or treating long-COVID has been unclear 5 . Hence, reliance on vaccination as a sole mitigation strategy may not optimally reduce the societal risk of long-COVID 5 , e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The latter study was also included in a recent meta-analysis 5 where vaccination with one or two doses before pre-Omicron infections, protected against long-COVID in some studies, but not all (Odds Ratio ranging between 0.22 and 1.93). Our results suggest that vaccination with a third dose provides some protection against post-acute symptoms and new-onset general health conditions after infection during Omicron, compared to those vaccinated with two doses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…due to low vaccine uptake and no evidence of a strong preventive effect. Therefore, adequate follow-up in future vaccine trials would be beneficial in order to define and evaluate long-COVID as an outcome 5 .…”

Section: Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding variants before Omicron, vaccination with one or two doses before infection with SARS-CoV-2 may have had a protective effect against long-COVID 5 , however the impact of three doses of COVID-19 vaccine on post-acute symptomatology is uncertain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

WITHDRAWN: Post-acute symptoms four months after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron period: a nationwide Danish questionnaire study

Spiliopoulos

Sørensen

Bager

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of the Omicron variant on the post-acute symptoms, four months after infection with SARS-CoV-2.DesignA nationwide questionnaire study.SettingDenmark.Participants44,004 individuals aged 15 years or older with either a SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive test result from the period of Delta dominance (July to November 2021), or a positive or negative RT-PCR test result from the period of Omicron dominance (December 2021 to January 2022).MethodsA questionnaire based cohort study with outcomes on post-acute physical, fatigue, cognitive, mental health symptoms, and new-onset general health problems, four months after testing. Risk differences (RDs) were estimated by comparing cases and controls during the Omicron period, cases during the Delta and Omicron periods, and vaccinated cases with two and three doses during the Omicron period, adjusted for age, sex, BMI, self-reported chronic diseases, Charlson comorbidity index, healthcare occupation and vaccination status.ResultsFour months after testing for SARS-CoV-2 during the Omicron period, cases experienced higher risk of 18 out of 26 post-acute symptoms and five out of five new-onset general health problems, compared to controls. Cases during the Omicron period experienced lower risks of 8 of the 18 symptoms and of all five new-onset general health problems, compared to Delta cases. The most prominent RDs estimated when comparing Omicron cases to controls were: memory issues (RD=5.4%, 95% CI 4.8 to 6.1), post-exertional malaise (RD=5.3%, 95% CI 3.1 to 7.7), fatigue/exhaustion (RD=5.2%, 95% CI 3.7 to 6.9), substantial fatigue (RD=5.0%, 95% CI 2.7 to 7.5), and dyspnea (RD=4.8%, 95% CI 3.8 to 5.9). Compared to cases from the Delta period, Omicron cases reported reduced risks of post-acute altered/reduced sense of smell (dysosmia) (RD=−15.1%, 95% CI −17.0 to −12.9) and −taste (dysgeusia) (RD=−11.6%, 95% CI −13.6 to −9.7). Cases vaccinated with three doses prior to Omicron infection reported reduced risk of 13 of the 26 post-acute symptoms and of three of the five new-onset general health problems, compared to those vaccinated with two doses.ConclusionsA considerable amount of cases infected during the Omicron period experienced post-acute symptoms and new-onset health problems, four months after testing, although milder compared to Delta cases. During the Omicron period, a booster vaccination dose was associated with fewer post-acute symptoms and new-onset health problems, four months after infection, compared to two doses of COVID-19 vaccine.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

WITHDRAWN: Post-acute symptoms four months after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron period: a nationwide Danish questionnaire study

Spiliopoulos

Sørensen

Bager

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

New variants of COVID‐19 (XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.16, the “Arcturus”): A review of highly questioned concerns, a brief comparison between different peaks in the COVID‐19 pandemic, with a focused systematic review on expert recommendations for prevention, vaccination, and treatment measures in the general population and at‐risk groups

Pourriyahi,

Hajizadeh,

Khosravi

et al. 2024

Immunity Inflam & Disease

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionThe COVID‐19 pandemic has taken many forms and continues to evolve, now around the Omicron wave, raising concerns over the globe. With COVID‐19 being declared no longer a “public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC),” the COVID pandemic is still far from over, as new Omicron subvariants of interest and concern have risen since January of 2023. Mainly with the XBB.1.5 and XBB.1.16 subvariants, the pandemic is still very much “alive” and “breathing.”MethodsThis review consists of five highly concerning questions about the current state of the COVID Omicron peak. We searched four main online databases to answer the first four questions. For the last one, we performed a systematic review of the literature, with keywords “Omicron,” “Guidelines,” and “Recommendations.”ResultsA total of 31 articles were included. The main symptoms of the current Omicron wave include a characteristically high fever, coughing, conjunctivitis (with itching eyes), sore throat, runny nose, congestion, fatigue, body ache, and headache. The median incubation period of the symptoms is shorter than the previous peaks. Vaccination against COVID can still be considered effective for the new subvariants.ConclusionGuidelines recommend continuation of personal protective measures, third and fourth dose boosters, along with administration of bivalent messenger RNA vaccine boosters. The consensus antiviral treatment is combination therapy using Nirmatrelvir and Ritonavir, and the consensus for pre‐exposure prophylaxis is Tixagevimab and Cilgavimab combination. We hope the present paper raises awareness for the continuing presence of COVID and ways to lower the risks, especially for at‐risk groups.

show abstract

Overview of autoantibodies in COVID‐19 convalescents

Dobrowolska

Zarębska-Michaluk

Siller‐Matula

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Accumulating evidence shows that SARS‐CoV‐2 can potentially trigger autoimmune processes, which can be responsible for the long‐term consequences of COVID‐19. Therefore, this paper aims to review the autoantibodies reported in COVID‐19 convalescents. Six main groups were distinguished: (i) autoantibodies against components of the immune system, (ii) autoantibodies against components of the cardiovascular system, (iii) thyroid autoantibodies, (iv) autoantibodies specific for rheumatoid diseases, (v) antibodies against G‐protein coupled receptors, and (vi) other autoantibodies. The evidence reviewed here clearly highlights that SARS‐CoV‐2 infection may induce humoral autoimmune responses. However, the available studies share number of limitations, such as: (1) the sole presence of autoantibodies does not necessarily implicate the clinically‐relevant risks, (2) functional investigations were rarely performed and it is often unknown whether observed autoantibodies are pathogenic, (3) the control seroprevalence, in healthy, noninfected individuals was often not reported; thus it is sometimes unknown whether the detected autoantibodies are the result of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection or the accidental post‐COVID‐19 detection, (4) the presence of autoantibodies was rarely correlated with symptoms of the post‐COVID‐19 syndrome, (5) the size of the studied groups were often small, (6) the studies focused predominantly on adult populations, (7) age‐ and sex‐related differences in seroprevalence of autoantibodies were rarely explored, (8) genetic predispositions that may be involved in generation of autoantibodies during SARS‐CoV‐2 infections were not investigated, and (9) the autoimmune reactions following infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 variants that vary in the clinical course of infection remain unexplored. Further longitudinal studies are advocated to assess the link between identified autoantibodies and particular clinical outcomes in COVID‐19 convalescents.

show abstract

Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 45 publications

References 21 publications

WITHDRAWN: Post-acute symptoms four months after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron period: a nationwide Danish questionnaire study

WITHDRAWN: Post-acute symptoms four months after SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron period: a nationwide Danish questionnaire study

Overview of autoantibodies in COVID‐19 convalescents

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About