Impact of congestion charge and minimum wage on TNCs: A case study for San Francisco

Li, Sen; Poolla, Kameshwar; Varaiya, Pravin

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2021.02.008

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most participants in our study did not see their role in contributing to or mitigating climate change and they did not mention how TNC affects traffic. This is an interesting finding because traffic contribution of TNC has been previously explored by other researchers [18,21] and it may indirectly, through increasing car emissions, have an impact on climate. Finally, TNC drivers might perceive their role as mitigating climate change if more sustainable or green options become available and incentives were provided to both the consumers and drivers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Despite the growing amount of research exploring TNCs' emissions, effects on transportation [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], accessibility [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and the TNC experience , there is currently no study that explores the perceptions of TNC drivers towards climate change. Therefore, we aim (1) to explore TNC drivers' beliefs of climate change, (2) to understand how they perceive climate change impacts their TNC business, and (3) to examine how TNC drivers see their role in contributing to or mitigating climate change.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transportation Network Companies: Drivers’ Perceptions of Ride-Sharing Regarding Climate Change and Extreme Weather

Brügger

Watts

2021

Climate

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The transportation sector is a major factor contributing to climate change. Transportation Network Companies (TNC) may become part of solutions to reduce emissions and their drivers play an important role in doing so. This study aims to understand TNC driver’s perceptions of climate change, to understand how climate change and extreme weather affects their business and how they see their role in contributing to or mitigating climate change. We conducted an in-person survey of TNC drivers in Nevada, USA, and analyzed the derived information with descriptive statistics and content analysis. Among the 75 TNC drivers, almost half believe climate change is happening and is caused by human activities. We found TNC drivers and their business are affected by extreme weather events. Currently the drivers do not see their role in mitigating climate change and lack the awareness of green initiatives already in place by TNCs’. We conclude that TNCs could increase their climate change responsibility by providing driver incentives for cars with reduced emissions or by geographically expanding customer incentives for using sustainable TNC options such as car-pooling. By doing so, TNC may play a role in reducing global greenhouse gas emissions and traffic congestion; thus, contributing to improved sustainable transportation practices.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transportation Network Companies: Drivers’ Perceptions of Ride-Sharing Regarding Climate Change and Extreme Weather

Brügger

Watts

2021

Climate

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“…Regulations on TNCs and AVs are emerging topics that receive increasing attention from the transportation research community recently. In the existing literature, policy studies on human-driver TNCs are primarily focused on driver minimum wage [44,45,46], congestion charges [47,48], and cap on the platform commission rate [49,50]. [44] examined the effects of the proposed minimum wage policy in New York City.…”

Section: Regulations On Avs and Tncsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulating For-Hire Autonomous Vehicles for An Equitable Multimodal Transportation Network

Li¹

2023

Preprint

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This paper assesses the equity impacts of for-hire autonomous vehicles (AVs) and investigates regulatory policies that promote the spatial and social equity in future autonomous mobility ecosystems. To this end, we consider a multimodal transportation network, where a ride-hailing platform operates a fleet of AVs to offer mobility-on-demand services in competition with a public transit agency that offers transit services on a transportation network. A game-theoretic model is developed to characterize the intimate interactions between the ride-hailing platform, the transit agency, and multiclass passengers with distinct income levels. An algorithm is proposed to compute the Nash equilibrium of the game and conduct an ex-post evaluation of the performance of the obtained solution. Based on the proposed framework, we evaluate the spatial and social equity in transport accessibility using Theil index, and find that although the proliferation of for-hire AVs in the ride-hailing network improves overall accessibility, the benefits are not fairly distributed among distinct locations or population groups, implying that the deployment of AVs will enlarge the existing spatial and social inequity gaps in the transportation network if no regulatory intervention is in place. To address this concern, we investigate two regulatory policies that can improve transport equity: (a) a minimum service-level requirement on ride-hailing service, which improves the spatial equity in the transport network; (b) a subsidy on ride-hailing trips that serve as first/last-mile connection to public transit, which promotes the use of public transit and improves the social equity of the transport network. We show that the minimum service-level requirement entails a trade-off: as a higher minimum service level is imposed, the spatial inequity reduces, but the social inequity will be exacerbated. In contrast, subsidies on bundled trips can enhance accessibility, increase transit ridership, improve the profit of the ride-hailing platform, and more crucially, simultaneously bridge spatial and social inequity gaps. These results are validated through realistic numerical studies for San Francisco.

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“…Cities such as New York ( 15 ) and Chicago ( 16 ) have also begun to influence riders’ choices through taxes. Common schemes include taxing each vehicle trip, penalizing vehicle idle time ( 17 ), or taxing private trips at higher rates than shared trips. Li et al developed a queuing theoretic equilibrium model to evaluate various TNC regulation schemes, including congestion taxes.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Taxing TNC Trips Discourage Solo Riders and Increase the Demand for Ride Pooling? A Case Study of Chicago Using Interrupted Time Series and Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling

Abkarian

Hegde

Mahmassani

2022

Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation R

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This paper studies the tax intervention applied to transportation network company (TNC) trips starting on January 6, 2020 in the City of Chicago. An interrupted time series (ITS) with an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) methodology is employed to infer the causal impact of the intervention on the percentage of shared trips and the counts of shared and private trips. Analysis is conducted at a community area level, either as pickup or drop-off. The results show a significant but small increase in the share of shared trips as well as the count of shared trips, specifically on weekends because of the intervention. Private trips, on the other hand, are found to have decreased on the weekdays, but potentially increased on the weekends. A Bayesian hierarchical model is then employed to combine information across community areas, examine a posteriori if there are significant spatial differences, and estimate the common treatment effect. The analysis suggests minimal spatial differences across community areas. The common treatment effect on weekdays ($1.75 tax difference) is a 3.78 percentage point increase in the share of shared trips, a 27% increase in the count of shared trips, and a 12% decrease in the count of private trips (at an approximate base of 10% market share of shared trips). Thus, the intervention likely shifted demand toward pooled rides, reducing congestion caused by TNCs. However, there is little evidence that this shift is sufficient to offset or reverse the systematic trend of declining use of shared rides.

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Impact of congestion charge and minimum wage on TNCs: A case study for San Francisco

Cited by 10 publications

References 25 publications

Transportation Network Companies: Drivers’ Perceptions of Ride-Sharing Regarding Climate Change and Extreme Weather

Transportation Network Companies: Drivers’ Perceptions of Ride-Sharing Regarding Climate Change and Extreme Weather

Regulating For-Hire Autonomous Vehicles for An Equitable Multimodal Transportation Network

Does Taxing TNC Trips Discourage Solo Riders and Increase the Demand for Ride Pooling? A Case Study of Chicago Using Interrupted Time Series and Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling

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