Impact of Climate Change on Water Availability in Water Source Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China

Ning, Zhongrui; Wang, Yan; Sun, Jinqiu; Lin, Qianguo; Wang, Guoqing

doi:10.3389/feart.2021.747429

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Previous studies reported that streamflow in upper Yangtze River presented an increasing trend [25] and that of the Yellow River basin no doubt showed a decreasing trend in all parts, mainly because of climate change and the large amount of human activities such as water intake in upstream and downstream, respectively [26][27][28][29][30]. At the same time, the results concluded by Liu [15] and Qiao [31] showed that the streamflow in Danjiangkou reservoir have decreased since the 1980s, and climate change contributed more than 80% of the change, mainly due to mainly the decrease in precipitation. The water diversion of the middle route is about ten times than that of the eastern route.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Western Route Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Ning

Zhang

Yuan³

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is a national strategic project for water shortages in northern China. Climate change will affect the availability of water resources in both source and receiving areas. A grid-based RCCC-WBM model based on climate projections from nine Global Climate Models under SSP2-4.5 was used for analyzing the changes in temperature, precipitation, and streamflow in the near future (2025–2045, NF) and far future (2040–2060, FF) relative to the baseline (1956–2000). The results showed that: (1) the temperature of the western route will increase significantly in the NF and FF with an extent of 1.6 °C and 2.0 °C, respectively, (2) precipitation will very likely increase even though Global Climate Model (GCM) projections are quite dispersed and uncertain, and (3) over half of the GCMs projected that streamflow of receiving area will slightly increase with a rate of 1.68% [−8.67%, 12.3%] and 2.78% [−3.30%, 11.0%] in the NF and FF, respectively. Climate change will support the planning of the western route to a certain extent. However, water supply risk induced by the extreme situation of climate change should be paid adequate consideration when the project operates in practice due to the large dispersion and uncertainty of GCM projections.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Western Route Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Ning

Zhang

Yuan³

et al. 2022

Atmosphere

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“…where TWDi is the TWD for the ith year in (cubic meters/year) POPi is the population for the ith year in (capita) Scholars adopted various models to characterize the effect of climate change on water resources availability. Such models include (i) Water Balance Model developed by the Research Center for Climate Change (RCCC-WBM) [35], (ii) Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning model (HBV) [36], (iii) Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) [37], and (iv) Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Model (SVAT) [9]. According to [38], the SVAT has the Scholars adopted various models to characterize the effect of climate change on water resources availability.…”

Section: Assessment Of the Domestic Water Scarcitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [38], the SVAT has the Scholars adopted various models to characterize the effect of climate change on water resources availability. Such models include (i) Water Balance Model developed by the Research Center for Climate Change (RCCC-WBM) [35], (ii) Hydrologiska Byrans Vattenbalansavdelning model (HBV) [36], (iii) Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) [37], and (iv) Soil-Vegetation-Atmosphere Model (SVAT) [9]. According to [38], the SVAT has the following strengths compared to the other models: (i) consideration of fine timestep analysis that goes in line with the time steps of the physical processes simulations, (ii) flexibility of the input parameters and their time-steps records, and (iii) consideration of the under-ground layer (e.g., soil layer), on-ground layer (e.g., vegetation layer), and over-ground layer (atmospheric layer) [38].…”

Section: Assessment Of the Domestic Water Scarcitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater Harvesting to Address Current and Forecasted Domestic Water Scarcity: Application to Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Judeh

Shahrour

2021

Water

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This paper discusses the effectiveness of rooftops rainwater harvesting (RRWH) in addressing domestic water scarcity, emphasizing the West Bank (Palestine) as an example of arid to semi-arid areas with limited water resources. The paper deals with the actual and future water demand by considering climate-change impact and urban growth. The analysis is based on the evaluation of (i) the supply–demand balance index (SDBI), which designates the ratio between the total water supply (TWS) and total water demand (TWD), and (ii) the potential of RRWH. Applying this methodology to the West Bank shows that the potential RRWH can contribute by about 40 million cubic meters/year in 2020, which is approximately the same amount of water as the municipal water supply (42 million cubic meters/year). This contribution can effectively reduce the suffering governorates from 64% to 27% in 2020. Furthermore, it can support water-related decision-makers in the arid to semi-arid areas in formulating efficient and sustainable water resources strategies. The analysis also shows that the domestic water scarcity in 2050 will be worse than in 2020 for all governorates. For example, 73% of the West Bank governorates are expected to suffer from extreme to acute water scarcity in 2050 compared to 64% in 2020. Thus, RRWH appears to be highly efficient in mitigating the current and future domestic water scarcity in the West Bank.

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“…This number is predicted to increase to 14.8 km 3 /year by 2030. This waterway may soon play the same role it had in the past, simultaneously transporting scarce water resources to the arid northern regions [12,13]. In contrast, the focus of this discussion in this article-the Central Route project completed in 2014-is a new construction project.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Does the South-to-North Water Diversion Project promote the growth of enterprises above designated size in the water-receiving areas?—Evidence from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China

Wang,

Chi

2024

PLoS ONE

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The South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) is believed to drive the next phase of sustainable productivity growth, meeting growing water demand, so as to address increasing environmental sustainability challenges. The Middle Route of SNWDP is regarded as an extremely large long-distance inter-basin water diversion project, which has benefited Henan, Hebei, Tianjin and Beijing since 2014 with great sustainable changes to the cities, groundwater, ecological environment, industrial structure and social development of the beneficiary areas. Taking the number of industrial enterprises above designated size (IEDS) in the water-receiving areas as the research object, this paper takes the year of policy implementation 2014 as the basic time point, evaluating the change of the number of IEDS in the beneficiary areas of the Middle Route of SNWDP through difference-in-difference model. The results show that: (1) The Middle Route of SNWDP promotes the additional growth of the number of IEDS in the beneficiary areas. (2) When the Middle Route of SNWDP promotes the growth of the number of IEDS in beneficiary areas, there is no regional difference for regions with different development levels. (3) The reasons why the Middle Route of SNWDP contributes to the additional growth of the number of IEDS are composed of promoting mixed ownership reform of enterprises in beneficiary areas, increasing water supply and increasing population. However, the Middle Route of SNWDP has not had a significant impact on the traditional total factor productivity or the components of production factors, technology and capital. From the final outcome, the South-to-North Water Diversion Project has played a facilitating role in the sustainable development of large-scale enterprises in the water-receiving areas.

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Impact of Climate Change on Water Availability in Water Source Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 64 publications

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Western Route Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources in the Western Route Areas of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

Rainwater Harvesting to Address Current and Forecasted Domestic Water Scarcity: Application to Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Does the South-to-North Water Diversion Project promote the growth of enterprises above designated size in the water-receiving areas?—Evidence from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in China

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