Impact of cereal fibre on glucose-regulating factors

Abstract

Aims/hypothesis: Insoluble dietary fibre intake is associated, by unknown mechanisms, with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes. We investigated whether a shortterm dietary intervention with purified insoluble fibres influences acute and delayed responses of glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1. Methods: Fourteen healthy women with NGT were studied for 300 min on six to eight occasions. Subjects consumed three matched portions of control (C) or fibre-enriched bread (10.

Effects of long-term soluble vs. insoluble dietary fiber intake on high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice

“…However, both highly fermentable insoluble resistant starch [7,27] and only moderately fermentable insoluble cereal fiber [8,14] increased insulin sensitivity in humans, indicating that a dose-dependent relation between fermentability of dietary fibers and insulin sensitivity is unlikely [3]. Further, available studies indicate that SCFA could contribute to increased de novo lipogenesis [24], probably by stimulating adipogenesis through Gpr43 [18], although in the present study Gpr43 expression was not significantly increased in fermentable fiber fed mice.…”

“…The diet enriched with soluble fiber contained 10% (w/w) guar gum, which is an established model for the investigation of soluble fiber diets (64% soluble fiber, 13% insoluble fiber) (Kumar J Nutr Biochem 2002, Owusu-Asiedu J Anim Sci 2006). The diet enriched with insoluble fiber contained 10% of the insoluble fraction of oat fiber, as previously used [8,14,15] providing a mixture of insoluble fibers as found in cereal fiber and whole grain products (3 % soluble fiber, 93 % insoluble fiber (cellulose 70%, hemicelluloses 25%, lignin 3-5%). Food intake rate was recorded every week.…”

Improved Glycemic Control and Vascular Function in Overweight and Obese Subjects by Glyoxalase 1 Inducer Formulation

“…Significance testing in paired data was assessed by paired Student t test and Wilcoxon signed rank test (for two study groups), by ANOVA repeated measures and Friedman test (for four study groups), and by correlation analysis by Pearson and Spearman methods for parametric and nonparametric data, respectively. For HATFF study power calculation, we judged that decrease in area under the plasma glucose curve (AUCg) of the OGTT would be 10%, compared with 30% decrease with high cereal fiber intake (16). With a 30% dropout, 32 subjects were required for a = 0.05 and power (1 -b) = 0.80.…”

Dietary steamed wheat bran increases postprandial fat oxidation in association with a reduced blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in mice

“…While the postprandial blood insulin response was similar, the blood glucose response tended to be lower after WB feeding in the present study. WB or an arabinoxylan-rich diet may slow the rate of gastric emptying, which results in delayed glucose absorption [15–17,49]. Delayed glucose absorption leads to reduced GIP secretion from K cells and lower blood glucose levels, which may partly explain the increase in postprandial fat oxidation.…”

“…Harding et al [13] reported that autoclaved WB has anti-obesity effects in rodents. Furthermore, several studies indicate that short-term supplementation with WB has beneficial effects, such as nutrient excretion into the stool [14], glucose-lowering effects [15], and decreased gastric emptying effects [16,17]. Little is known, however, about the effect of a single ingestion of WB on energy metabolism.…”