Dietary steamed wheat bran increases postprandial fat oxidation in association with a reduced blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in mice

Hosoda, Yayoi; Okahara, Fumiaki; Mori, Takuya; Deguchi, Jun; Ota, Noriyasu; Osaki, Noriko; Shimotoyodome, Akira

doi:10.1080/16546628.2017.1361778

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In order to investigate the effects of dietary steamed wheat bran and arabinoxylan on postprandial energy metabolism in mice, a group of researchers performed several experiments that included single feedings of a control diet vs. a steamed wheat bran diet and feeding a dietary fiber-free diet vs. different dietary concentrations of arabinoxylans. After feeding the arabinoxylan-enriched diet, a significantly lower peak level and AUC of postprandial glucose were seen when compared to the dietary fiber-free fed group ( 87 ). The results also showed lower postprandial blood GIP levels in the wheat bran fed group compared to the control diet-fed group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Aleurone Supplementation on Glucose-Insulin Metabolism and Gut Microbiome in Untrained Healthy Horses

et al. 2021

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Aleurone, a layer of the bran fraction, is deemed to be responsible for the positive health effects associated with the consumption of whole-grain products. Studies on rodents, pigs, and humans report beneficial effects of aleurone in five main areas: the reduction of oxidative stress, immunomodulatory effects, modulation of energy management, digestive health, and the storage of vitamins and minerals. Our study is the first aleurone supplementation study performed in horses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an increase in the dose levels of aleurone on the postprandial glucose-insulin metabolism and the gut microbiome in untrained healthy horses. Seven adult Standardbred horses were supplemented with four different dose levels of aleurone (50, 100, 200, and 400 g/day for 1 week) by using a Latin square model with a 1-week wash out in between doses. On day 7 of each supplementation week, postprandial blood glucose-insulin was measured and fecal samples were collected. 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing was performed and QIIME2 software was used for microbiome analysis. Microbial community function was assessed by using the predictive metagenome analysis tool Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) and using the Metacyc database of metabolic pathways. The relative abundancies of a pathway were analyzed by using analysis of composition of microbiomes (ANCOM) in R. There was a significant dose-dependent increase in the postprandial time to peak of glucose (p = 0.030), a significant delay in the time to peak of insulin (p = 0.025), and a significant decrease in both the insulin peak level (p = 0.049) and insulin area under the curve (AUC) (p = 0.019) with increasing dose levels of aleurone, with a consideration of 200 g being the lowest significant dose. Alpha diversity and beta diversity of the fecal microbiome showed no significant changes. Aleurone significantly decreased the relative abundance of the genera Roseburia, Shuttleworthia, Anaerostipes, Faecalibacter, and Succinovibrionaceae. The most pronounced changes in the relative abundance at phyla level were seen in Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia (downregulation) and Bacteroidetes and Spirochaetes (upregulation). The PICRUSt analysis shows that aleurone induces a downregulation of the degradation of L-glutamate and taurine and an upregulation of the three consecutive pathways of the phospholipid membrane synthesis of the Archaea domain. The results of this study suggest a multimodal effect of aleurone on glucose-insulin metabolism, which is most likely to be caused by its effect on feed texture and subsequent digestive processing; and a synergistic effect of individual aleurone components on the glucose-insulin metabolism and microbiome composition and function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of Aleurone Supplementation on Glucose-Insulin Metabolism and Gut Microbiome in Untrained Healthy Horses

et al. 2021

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“…A previous study of mice found that a single oral ingestion of WB decreases postprandial blood levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides and increases postprandial fat oxidation [20]. The extrapancreatic action of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptides is to stimulate fat accumulation in the adipose tissue [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a 4-week Wheat Bran Diet Combined with Weight Self-monitoring on Visceral Fat and Body Weight Among Overweight Individuals

Yamanaka¹,

Saito²,

Kozuma³

et al. 2020

IJNFS

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Background: Animal studies have shown that wheat bran (WB), which is rich in dietary fiber, has beneficial effects against postprandial hyperglycemia and fatty liver. The present study thus investigated the effects of a WB diet combined with body weight self-monitoring on visceral fat area (VFA) and body weight among overweight participants. Method: This single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted in adults with a body mass index of 23 to <30 kg/m 2. After screening, 44 participants were randomly allocated to either the combination or control group (n = 22/group). The combination group was instructed to consume 8 g/day of WB (1.6 g/day as arabinoxylan) with their regular diet and monitor their body weight daily for 4 weeks, whereas the control group was instructed to maintain their regular diet and monitor their body weight daily for 4 weeks. Results: Although both groups exhibited a decrease in VFA, i.e., the primary outcome measure, the combination group exhibited a greater reduction therein compared with the control group with a significant treatment by time interaction. Moreover, the combination group exhibited a significantly greater decrease in body weight, i.e., the secondary outcome measure, after 4 weeks than the control group. Conclusion: Incorporating WB into the daily diet together with weight self-monitoring therapy can be beneficial for reducing VFA and body weight.

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“…To understand the direct effects of extracellular glucose accumulation, a high glucose condition was established by pretreating the vascular tissues with high glucose-PSS (22.2 mM glucose in PSS) at 37 °C for 30 min, as previously reported by our laboratory [ 29 ]. These values were based on reported postprandial glucose levels in C57BL/6 J (~ 11.1 mM) and KKAy mice (~ 22.2 mM) in vivo [ 30 , 31 ]. The obtained change in vascular tension was shown as the generated tension per 1 mm length of the aortic ring.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary palmitoleic acid on vascular function in aorta of diabetic mice

et al. 2022

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Background Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes causes atherosclerosis and progresses to diabetic macroangiopathy, and can lead to coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and cerebrovascular disease. Palmitoleic acid (POA) is a product of endogenous lipogenesis and is present in fish and vegetable oil. In human and animal studies, POA is reported as a beneficial fatty acid related to insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. However, few studies have reported its effects on aortic function in diabetes. Here, we investigated the effects of POA administration on vascular function in KKAy mice, a model of type 2 diabetes. Methods Male C57BL/6 J (control) and KKAy (experimental) mice at the age of 14 weeks were used in the present study. For each mouse strain, one group was fed with reference diet and a second group was fed POA-containing diet for 2 weeks. The vascular reactivities of prepared aortic rings were then measured in an organ bath to determine if POA administration changed vascular function in these mice. Results KKAy mice treated with POA exhibited decreased plasma glucose levels compared with mice treated with reference diet. However, endothelium-dependent vasorelaxant responses to acetylcholine and protease-activated receptor 2 activating protein, which are attenuated in the aorta of KKAy mice compared to C57BL/6 J mice under a reference diet, were not affected by a 2-week POA treatment. In addition, assessment of vasoconstriction revealed that the phenylephrine-induced vasoconstrictive response was enhanced in KKAy mice compared to C57BL/6 J mice under a reference diet, but no effect was observed in KKAy mice fed a POA-containing diet. In contrast, there was an increase in vasoconstriction in C57BL/6 J mice fed the POA-containing diet compared to mice fed a reference diet. Furthermore, the vasoconstriction in aorta in both C57BL/6 J and KKAy mice fed a POA-containing diet were further enhanced under hyperglycemic conditions compared to normal glucose conditions in vitro. In the hyperinsulinemic, and hyperinsulinemic combined with hyperglycemic conditions, vasoconstriction was increased in KKAy mice fed with POA. Conclusion These results suggest that POA intake enhances vasoconstriction under hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic conditions, which are characteristics of type 2 diabetes, and may contribute to increased vascular complications in diabetes.

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Dietary steamed wheat bran increases postprandial fat oxidation in association with a reduced blood glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide response in mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 61 publications

Effects of Aleurone Supplementation on Glucose-Insulin Metabolism and Gut Microbiome in Untrained Healthy Horses

Effects of Aleurone Supplementation on Glucose-Insulin Metabolism and Gut Microbiome in Untrained Healthy Horses

Effects of a 4-week Wheat Bran Diet Combined with Weight Self-monitoring on Visceral Fat and Body Weight Among Overweight Individuals

Effects of dietary palmitoleic acid on vascular function in aorta of diabetic mice

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