Impact of BRCA Mutation on the Survival and Risk of Contralateral Breast Cancer in Asian Breast Cancer Patients

Abstract

Purpose Breast cancer is increasing around the globe, including Asia. We aimed to examine the survival and risk of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) in Asian breast cancer patients with BRCA mutations. MethodsA total of 128 breast cancer patients with germline BRCA mutations and 4,754 control breast cancer patients were enrolled. Data on clinical pathologic characteristics, survival and CBC were collected from the medical record. The rates of survival and CBC were estimated by Kaplan-Meier method. Results The mean age of onset in BRCA mutation carriers was significantly younger than control patients (BRCA vs. Non-BRCA: 43.9 vs. 53.2 years-old). BRCA mutation carriers had a higher proportion of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (52%) than control patients (12%, p<0.001). The risk of CBC was significantly higher in BRCA mutation patients than in control cases (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.95, 95% CI 2.71-5.75); when stratified by genotype, the HRs (95%CI) were 4.84 (3.00-7.82) for BRCA1 and 3.13 (1.78-5.49) for BRCA2 carriers, respectively. Moreover, BRCA1 mutation patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) as their first breast cancer had the highest risk of CBC (HR = 5.55, 95% CI 3.29-9.34). However, we did not observe any differences in relapse-free survival and overall survival between mutation carriers and control patients. ConclusionOur study suggest that BRCA patients had a significantly higher risk of developing CBC, particularly for BRCA1 mutation carriers with TNBC as the first breast cancer.

Effect of drought stress on metabolite synthesis in Actinidia Arguta Leaves

“…The synthesis of Quininic acid and Caffeic acid noted by us in the leaves of actinidia plants subjected to drought suggests that these substances are closely related to the response of plants to drought. This result is consistent with the data obtained in the study of peach plants [24]. Quininic acid is involved in the resistance of plant cells to oxidation [26].…”

“…Sugars are not only a source of energy, but also precursors of carbon, substrates for polymers, compounds for storage and transportation, and signaling molecules [23]. Antioxidant activity plays a decisive role in maintaining a balance between the synthesis of free radicals and their uptake [24,25]. According to our data, a positive correlation was observed between antioxidant activity and the total content of phenolic compounds.…”