Impact of Atlantic multidecadal oscillation on interannual relationship between ENSO and East Asian early summer monsoon

Abstract

Impact of the Atlantic multidecadal oscillation (AMO) on the interannual relationship between the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and East Asian early summer monsoon (EAESM) is investigated using observations and community atmosphere model (CAM) outputs. We find that the interannual ENSO–EAESM relationship displays a prominent decadal variation during 1951–2018, which is consistent with the AMO phase change, that is, a high ENSO–EAESM correlation appears during the negative AMO phase, while no significant correlation is found during the positive AMO phase. Further analyses reveal that the AMO‐related sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTAs) in the western North Pacific, rather than in the North Atlantic, modulate the interannual relationship between the El Niño and EAESM. These SSTAs can prolong the existence of the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) from the ENSO mature winter to the subsequent early summer, thus affecting the ENSO–EAESM relationship for the El Niño events. In contrast, the AMO modulates the interannual relationship between the La Niña and EAESM through the North Atlantic and North Pacific. The North Atlantic warming‐induced anomalous anticyclone weakens the background cyclone over the western North Pacific during the positive AMO phase, and the mid‐latitude air–sea interaction in the North Pacific also influence the anomalous cyclone. The observed AMO's impact on the interannual relationship between the ENSO and EAESM is confirmed by atmosphere general circulation model simulations using the CAM.

Analysis of changes in large‐scale circulation patterns driving extreme precipitation events over the central‐eastern China

“…We can find that the 2–4 and 8–10 year quasi‐periodic signals (IMF1 and IMF2) in the representative CPs have no correlation with PDO and AMO, but the 2–4 year oscillation in A1–A′1, B1–B′1, and A2–A′2 is positively related to the phase of ENSO (at 99% statistical significance level), for A5–A′5 is the opposite. Previous studies showed that the East Asia summer monsoon (EASM) is tends to stronger when is an El Niño event, and to shift the WPSH more northward; while La Niña is the opposite (Xu et al ., 2021). Because CP A5–A′5 is dominated by the relatively weak WPSH (Figure 2), it is natural to have a negative relationship with ENSO.…”

Effect of Interdecadal Variation in Southern Indian Ocean SST on the Relationship Between ENSO and Summer Precipitation in the Asian‐Pacific Monsoon Region

“…Previous studies have shown that the relationship between ENSO and the Asian climate can be modulated by Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Ocean signals, such as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), tropical Indian Ocean SST, and Pacific Multidecadal Oscillation (Chen et al., 2018; Xu et al., 2021; Yu et al., 2021). Xu et al.…”

“…Xu et al. (2021) pointed out that in the negative phase of the AMO, the ENSO‐East Asian early summer monsoon relationship is strong; however, in the positive phase, the relationship disappears. The relationship between the Indian summer monsoon rainfall and ENSO is intimately related to summer tropical Indian Ocean SST (Yu et al., 2021).…”

“…Luo et al (2010) found that El Niño Modoki and a positive IOD can co-occur and impact each other. In recent years, it has been found that IOD can also influence ENSO (Izumo et al, 2016;Jourdain et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2021;Zhou et al, 2015).…”

Multiscale characteristics of the early spring temperature and response to climate indices over the past 179 years in the Qinling Mountains

“…Therefore, studying the multiscale periodic change in the early spring temperature is highly important for the prediction of the temporal evolution trend of plant growth and prevention of the formation of regional cli-mate disasters. Previous studies have indicated that multiscale climate signals, such as the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Interdecadal Oscillation, North Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, and North Atlantic Oscillation, are important factors of global and regional climates through ocean systems or atmospheric circulation (Knight et al 2006, Mann et al 2014, Xu et al 2021. Changes in the above global-scale climate signals can notably affect temperature variations in China and even the Northern hemisphere (Wyatt & Curry 2014, Jia et al 2017, Li et al 2015a).…”