Impact of aircraft speed heterogeneity on contingent flow control in 4D en-route operation

Yang, Lei; Han, Ke; Borst, Clark; Mulder, Max

doi:10.1016/j.trc.2020.102746

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For example, the workload ratings of the same subject for later scenarios may be related to those given in former scenarios. To account for these concerns of non-normality and the dependence of our data, we selected the more conservative Friedman test to analyze our data [55]. The significant results are shown in Table 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Holistic Approach for Optimal Pre-Planning of Multi-Path Standardized Taxiing Routes

et al. 2021

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Standardized Taxiing Routes (STRs) are defined as published taxiing-in and taxiing-out routes for aircraft between gates and runways, aiming at improving ground movement safety at busy or complex airports. Most of the STRs specify only one path between each O–D (Origin–Destination) pair, which compromises the flexibility of route choice in time-varying traffic scenarios. In this paper, we present a holistic approach of planning and validating Multi-Path Standardized Taxiing Routes (MPSTRs) based on System-Optimal Traffic Assignment (SOTA), by firstly defining the flow-based congestion cost of runway, taxiway, and sectorized apron operation at a macroscopic level. A human-in-the-loop experiment comprised of six operation scenarios follows to investigate the impact of the pre-planned MPSTRs on human controllers’ performance. Results confirm the positive effect of the MPSTRs on taxiing performance without increasing the controllers’ workload, which also implies that the MPSTRs would be a promising approach for balancing safety and efficiency for the STRs-based taxiing operation and dynamic routing optimization without substantial investment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Holistic Approach for Optimal Pre-Planning of Multi-Path Standardized Taxiing Routes

et al. 2021

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“…Normal distribution can be regarded as analogous to ordinary traffic flow with disturbances. Analysis of en-route flight ground speeds based on traffic data resembles a normal distribution [19]. Exponential distribution would be beneficial for emergency situations (emergency services) since it permits much higher speeds than the average.…”

Section: Rationalementioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the traffic conflict situation for speed probability distributions

2023

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The increasingly widespread application of drones and the emergence of urban air mobility leads to a challenging question in airspace modernisation: how to create a safe and scalable air traffic management system that can handle the expected density of operations. Increasing the number of vehicles in a given airspace volume and enabling routine operations are essential for these services to be economically viable. However, a higher density of operations increases risks, poses a great challenge for coordination and necessitates the development of a novel solution for traffic management. This paper contributes to the research towards such a strategy and the field of airspace management by calculating and analysing the conflict probability in an en-route, free-flight scenario for autonomous vehicles. Analytical methods are used to determine the directional dependence of conflict probabilities for exponential and normal prescribed speed probability distributions. The notions of geometric and speed conflict are introduced and distinguished throughout the calculations of the paper. The effect of truncating the set of available flight speeds is also investigated. The sensitivity of the calculated results to speed and heading perturbations is studied within the analytical framework and verified by numerical simulations. Results enable a fresh approach to conflict detection and resolution through distribution shaping and are intended to be used in an integrated, stochastic coordination framework.

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“…As soon as the turn is completed, the aircraft will again accelerate towards their desired cruising speed. These speed variations result in a speed heterogeneity between aircraft, which is recognised as a causal factor for increased complexity in air traffic operations [28]. Part of the work performed herein is aimed at reducing relative speeds, which is expected to improve safety.…”

Section: Speed Changes Throughout the Routementioning

confidence: 99%

Velocity Obstacle Based Conflict Avoidance in Urban Environment with Variable Speed Limit

Ribeiro

Ellerbroek

2021

Aerospace

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Current investigations into urban aerial mobility, as well as the continuing growth of global air transportation, have renewed interest in conflict detection and resolution (CD&R) methods. The use of drones for applications such as package delivery, would result in traffic densities that are orders of magnitude higher than those currently observed in manned aviation. Such densities do not only make automated conflict detection and resolution a necessity, but will also force a re-evaluation of aspects such as coordination vs. priority, or state vs. intent. This paper looks into enabling a safe introduction of drones into urban airspace by setting travelling rules in the operating airspace which benefit tactical conflict resolution. First, conflicts resulting from changes of direction are added to conflict resolution with intent trajectory propagation. Second, the likelihood of aircraft with opposing headings meeting in conflict is reduced by separating traffic into different layers per heading–altitude rules. Guidelines are set in place to make sure aircraft respect the heading ranges allowed at every crossed layer. Finally, we use a reinforcement learning agent to implement variable speed limits towards creating a more homogeneous traffic situation between cruising and climbing/descending aircraft. The effects of all of these variables were tested through fast-time simulations on an open source airspace simulation platform. Results showed that we were able to improve the operational safety of several scenarios.

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Impact of aircraft speed heterogeneity on contingent flow control in 4D en-route operation

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

A Holistic Approach for Optimal Pre-Planning of Multi-Path Standardized Taxiing Routes

A Holistic Approach for Optimal Pre-Planning of Multi-Path Standardized Taxiing Routes

Analysis of the traffic conflict situation for speed probability distributions

Velocity Obstacle Based Conflict Avoidance in Urban Environment with Variable Speed Limit

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