Impact of Additives on the Autoxidation of a Thermally Stable Aviation Fuel

Abstract

Autoxidation of a thermally stable JPTS aviation fuel has been studied at 185 °C in a single-pass heat exchanger by monitoring the disappearance of dissolved O2 as a function of reaction time. All measurements were made in a single liquid phase at elevated pressure. We report empirical changes in autoxidation caused by (1) introducing a hindered phenol antioxidant (BHT), (2) adding a phenylenediamine antioxidant mixture (A0−24), (3) introducing natural fuel inhibitors in the form of a straight-run fuel, (4) adding selected combinations of the above antioxidants, (5) varying initial O2 concentration, (6) diluting (1/1) with a paraffinic solvent, and, finally, (7) introducing dispersants.

The Role of Sulfur in the Thermal Stability of Jet Fuel

“…It is not clear why HPs are higher than baseline in dodecane-15% cumene doped with TA and PDS. It is contrary to studies of Mushrush, et al, 1996, Jones and Balster, 1997, and Zabamick, 1998, which claim that sulfur compounds are HP decomposers. On the other hand, it seems reasonable that TBDS and TDT suppress HPs because they strongly inhibited autoxidation.…”

“…To explain the oxidative resistance of jet fuels, which have a propensity to form deposits, Heneghan and Zabamick, 1994, andBalster, 1997 proposed that naturally occurring antioxidants are responsible for both inhibiting autoxidation and forming deposit precursors. Mushrush, et al, 1996, andZabamick, 1998 concluded that sulfur compounds inhibit autoxidation by decomposing HPs into non-radical products, otherwise HPs enhance autoxidation via, ROOH = RO.…”

Extended Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Aviation Fuels

“…In the following sections we discuss changes in these oxidation profiles resulting from increased concentration of dissolved 0, and also from prestressing. This behavior is common in hydrotreated fuels, and very similar behavior has been reported for the JPTS fuel POSF-2976 (Jones and Balster, 1997) and the paraffinic/cycloparaffinic solvent Exxsol D-80 (Pickard and Jones, 1998). The thermal dissociation reaction (I) can be enhanced by additional contributions from metal ions, free radicals, or other molecules that can induce dissociation.…”

Simultaneous Voltammetric Determination of Cd2+ and Pb2+ in Gasoline Samples Employing a Chemically Modified Acrylonitrile‐Butadiene‐Styrene (ABS) Composite Electrode

“…In automotive fuels, metals are found for two reasons: i) their presence in natural crude oil and ii) metal introduction at different stages of fuel production, i. e., the crude oil refining process, fractional distillation, storage, and transportation. In Brazil, legislation requires a 25-27 % blend of ethanol in gasoline and the addition of ethanol to gasoline can lead to an increase in the amount of metal ions in the blend [1][2][3].…”