Impact of acid hydrolysis on composition, morphology and xylose recovery from almond biomass (skin and shell)

Malayil, Sreesha; Surendran, Athira Nair; Kate, Kunal H.; Satyavolu, Jagannadh

doi:10.1016/j.biteb.2022.101150

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Dilute acid hydrolysis [77] uses a dilute acid as a solvent, usually sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, and carbonic acid, under controlled temperature and concentration conditions for a predetermined time. This pre-treatment is intended to increase the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose, facilitating the conversion of, for example, glycans into sugars to facilitate fermentation and bioproduct synthesis [45,131,132]. In turn, hemicellulose is practically hydrolyzed, and cellulose remains practically solid, meaning that the method hydrolyzes hemicelluloses more easily than cellulose [133][134][135][136].…”

Section: Waste Fermentation: Steps and Optimization Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Fermented Food Wastes and Byproducts: Bioactive and Valuable Compounds, Bioproduct Synthesis, and Applications

Faria,

Carvalho,

Conte-Junior

2023

Fermentation

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Significant amounts of fermented food waste are generated worldwide, promoting an abundance of residual biomass that can be used as raw material to extract bioactive peptides, fermentable sugars, polyphenols, and valuable compounds for synthesizing bioproducts. Therefore, generating these high-value-added products reduces the environmental impact caused by waste disposal and increases the industrial economic value of the final products. This review presents opportunities for synthesizing bioproducts and recovering bioactive compounds (employing wastes and byproducts from fermented sources) with several biological properties to support their consumption as dietary supplements that can benefit human health. Herein, the types of fermented food waste and byproducts (i.e., vegetables, bread wastes, dairy products, brewing, and winery sources), pre-treatment processes, the methods of obtaining products, the potential health benefits observed for the bioactive compounds recovered, and other technological applications of bioproducts are discussed. Therefore, there is currently a tendency to use these wastes to boost bioeconomic policies and support a circular bioeconomy approach that is focused on biorefinery concepts, biotechnology, and bioprocesses.

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Section: Waste Fermentation: Steps and Optimization Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Fermented Food Wastes and Byproducts: Bioactive and Valuable Compounds, Bioproduct Synthesis, and Applications

Faria,

Carvalho,

Conte-Junior

2023

Fermentation

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“…The raw DAS presents three thermal degradation steps: the first one between 40 and 180 • C corresponds to the loss of adsorbed water and reaction products due to the caramelisation of free sugars present in the plant matrix [33]; the second one (190-450 • C) is associated to the degradation of polymeric materials, which are constitutional polysaccharides such as hemicellulose (150-350 • C) and cellulose (275-350 • C), and a fraction of the total lignin (160-900 • C) [48,49]; and the third one (460-670 • C) relates to the degradation of the residual lignin fraction and the products from the fragmentation of the organic structures thermo-degraded at lower temperatures [50]. Malayil et al (2022) [51] observed similar thermal degradation behaviour for the untreated AS. The extracts (Figure 2a) were enriched in low molecular weight compounds with lower degradation temperatures, while the insoluble residues (Figure 2b) showed an increase in polymeric material, as deduced from their degradation at higher temperatures.…”

Section: Yields Of the Process Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subcritical Water Extraction for Valorisation of Almond Skin from Almond Industrial Processing

Freitas,

Martín-Pérez,

Gil-Guillén

et al. 2023

Foods

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Almond skin (AS) is an agro-industrial residue from almond processing that has a high potential for valorisation. In this study, subcritical water extraction (SWE) was applied at two temperatures (160 and 180 °C) to obtain phenolic-rich extracts (water-soluble fraction) and cellulose fibres (insoluble fraction) from AS. The extraction conditions affected the composition and properties of both valorised fractions. The dry extracts obtained at 180 °C were richer in phenolics (161 vs. 101 mg GAE. g−1 defatted almond skin (DAS)), with greater antioxidant potential (1.063 vs. 1.490 mg DAS.mg−1 DPPH) and showed greater antibacterial effect (lower MIC values) against L. innocua (34 vs. 90 mg·mL−1) and E. coli (48 vs. 90 mg·mL−1) than those obtained at 160 °C, despite the lower total solid yield (21 vs. 29%) obtained in the SWE process. The purification of cellulose from the SWE residues, using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), revealed that AS is not a good source of cellulose material since the bleached fractions showed low yields (20–21%) and low cellulose purity (40–50%), even after four bleaching cycles (1 h) at pH 12 and 8% H2O2. Nevertheless, the application of a green, scalable, and toxic solvent-free SWE process was highly useful for obtaining AS bioactive extracts for different food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical applications.

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“…There are numerous ways to pretreat biomass feedstocks, including acid, hydrothermal, chemical reagent, ionic liquid, and other treatments, to loosen the dense structure of lignocellulose. , The direct application of dilute acid under heat conditions could degrade the lignin–cellulose–hemicellulose complex; hemicellulose is therefore degraded into xylose-based monosaccharides and further yields xylose-based products through separation. , Malayil et al employed dilute sulfuric acid to hydrolyze the almond skin and shell in two stages, resulting in the production of 14.01 and 3.88 g/L xylose . Furthermore, the acid treatment can reduce the crystallinity of cellulose, hence enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of subsequent cellulose components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellulosic Ethanol Production from High-Solids Corncob Residues by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation on a Pilot Scale

Hu,

Cai,

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Resour. Manage.

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The development of biofuel from cellulose-rich corncobs holds great potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions and producing energy that is sustainable. This study investigated the recycling potential of corncob residues from xylose production to renewable energy cellulosic ethanol. Enzymatic digestion studies were conducted at three different scales (100 g, 4 kg, and 2 t), with 25% dry solids yielding consistent glucose release (>130 g/L), indicating industrial potential. The glucose was then subjected to yeast fermentation, which produced a maximum ethanol concentration of 58.68 g/L after 48 h. Studies on high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis systems, ranging from small-scale shake flasks to large-scale fermentors, demonstrated significant ethanol production potential, supported by Aspen Plus simulations closely aligned with experimental results in both the 4 kg and 2 t systems. These findings validated the reliability of scaling up ethanol production from corncob waste. This comprehensive approach highlights a promising method for producing sustainable energy from agricultural residues, with a focus on improving the process of ethanol manufacturing.

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Impact of acid hydrolysis on composition, morphology and xylose recovery from almond biomass (skin and shell)

Cited by 7 publications

References 33 publications

Valorization of Fermented Food Wastes and Byproducts: Bioactive and Valuable Compounds, Bioproduct Synthesis, and Applications

Valorization of Fermented Food Wastes and Byproducts: Bioactive and Valuable Compounds, Bioproduct Synthesis, and Applications

Subcritical Water Extraction for Valorisation of Almond Skin from Almond Industrial Processing

Cellulosic Ethanol Production from High-Solids Corncob Residues by Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation on a Pilot Scale

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