Impact Des Facteurs De Pollution Sur La Qualite Des Eaux De La Zone Aval De La Vallee De L’oued Nekor (Al-Hoceima, Maroc)

Abstract

Water is a precious and essential natural resource for multiple uses. Its use for food or hygiene requires excellent physicochemical and microbiological quality. To assess the quality of well water for human consumption in the Al Hoceima region which is located in North of Morocco, a physico-chemical and bacteriological control was carried out on the basis of 10 water samples from wells in this area. The analyzes were performed on these samples by measuring the following physic-chemical parameters: temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl -), dissolved oxygen, nitrate (NO 3 -), and possibly seeking unwanted bacteria (total bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). The samples were analyzed systematically to measure all the physicochemical indicators of pollution. Correlation between pollution parameters were conducted to give a reponse element on the main causes pollution. The results performed analysis, revealed a pollution of an agricultural origin. This is confirmed by the maximum levels of chlorides, which exceed 2640 mg/l, thereby explaining the high conductivity levels (4800μs/cm). In addition 14% of analyzed wells have nitre levels 50mg/l nitrate pollution a not alarming. However, if a pollution of agricultural origin is mentioned, the lithological contribution can not be neglected on the results obtained. RésuméL'eau est une ressource naturelle précieuse et essentielle pour de multiples usages. Son utilisation à des fins alimentaires ou d'hygiène nécessite une excellente qualité physico-chimique et microbiologique. Pour apprécier la qualité des eaux de puits destinées à la consommation humaine dans la plaine de Rhiss-Nekor qui est située au Nord du Maroc, un contrôle a été réalisé et a porté sur plusieurs échantillons d'eau prélevés au niveau de 10 puits appartenant à cette localité. Les échantillons prélevés ont été systématiquement analysés en vue de mesurer tous les paramètres indicateurs de pollution : la conductivité électrique (CE), les chlorures (Cl -), l'oxygène dissous, les nitrates (NO 3 -), et en recherchant éventuellement les germes indésirables (coliformes totaux, coliformes fécaux, streptocoques fécaux). Des corrélations entre ces paramètres ont été effectuées afin de donner des éléments de réponse aux causes principales de pollution. Les résultats des analyses effectuées, ont révélé une pollution chlorée des eaux de la nappe. Ceci est confirmé par des teneurs élevées en chlorures qui dépassent les 2840mg/l, ce qui explique les valeurs élevées de la conductivité (4000μs/cm). En outre, 14% des puits analysés ont des teneurs en nitrates supérieures à 50mg/l enregistrant une pollution nitrique qui n'est pas alarmante. Cependant, si une pollution d'origine agricole est évoquée, on ne peut négliger la contribution lithologique sur les résultats obtenus.

Impacts of hinterland surface water on the coastline of Al Hoceima Bay (Central Rif, Morocco)

“…The highest concentrations are observed in the coastal zone and at the mouth of Nekor valley (Figure 2). years, particular attention has been paid to this element to better control agricultural fertilization [10]. Phosphorus levels in surface waters show a progressive trend from upstream to downstream in the two Ghiss-Nekôr tributaries.…”

Impact of physicochemical parameters of water on the biodiversity of the invertebrate fauna from Echatt Lake, Northeast Algeria

“…For example, pH values vary from 7.27 to 7.77, showing alkaline water, and Station 1 is the most alkaline. These pH values can be influenced by photosynthesis and mainly by the physical environment of a lake (the geochemical nature of the rocks), which are mostly limestone and also depends on the nature of the discharges that are flown into it (urban, industrial) (Dimane et al 2017). On the other hand, the electrical conductivity values vary from 510 to 1984; station 2 reveals the maximum value; electrical conductivity increases with ion concentration in solution and temperature (Haddad et al 2014).…”

Assessment of water quality in the Oued Kert (Eastern Rif, Morocco): Physicochemical analyses and heavy metals

“…Morocco's coastal areas have undergone intense socioeconomic development [27]. In these areas, water is a precious and essential natural resource for multiple uses [7], but it faces various challenges: the scarcity of this resource [12], a semi-arid and arid climate [21], as well as the impact of anthropogenic activities [20]. River ecosystems are increasingly under threat [21], and awareness of the importance of water quality is becoming paramount [2].…”