Impact assessment of salmon farming on income distribution in remote coastal areas: The Chilean case

Cárdenas-Retamal, Roberto; Dresdner-Cid, Jorge David; Ceballos-Concha, Adams

doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2021.102078

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The Gini coefficient (GINI), MLD index (GE 0 ) and Theil index (GE 1 ) have been widely used in the study of spatial disequilibrium, and they have certain complementarity [28][29][30]. The Gini coefficient is a common measure of inequality used to measure the degree of inequality in a set of data or distribution.…”

Section: Gini Coefficient Mld Index Theil Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Wang,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Water

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In-depth analyses of the spatial imbalance and polarization of marine green aquaculture efficiency have a profound impact on the realization of high-quality development of fisheries. Based on the data on mariculture in nine coastal provinces of China from 2006 to 2019, this research analyzed the spatial imbalance and polarization of green mariculture efficiency using quantitative measurements and explored their causes. The results showed that (1) the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China is relatively effective, but there is still room for improvement. The spatial imbalance of the whole country and the three marine economic circles shows an increasing trend, and the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China has two levels of differentiation characteristics. Compared with the coastal provinces with low and high levels of marine green aquaculture efficiency, the degree of spatial imbalance in the medium-level coastal provinces is greater. In the long run, the efficiency of China’s marine green aquaculture will slowly evolve to a high-level state, and it is particularly important to break the “self-locking trap” of the low-level state. (2) The differences in mariculture yield among coastal provinces are the main factor affecting the spatial imbalance of green mariculture efficiency in China. Promoting the development of low-carbon, resource-saving and high-added-value mariculture products and achieving a win–win situation of economic and ecological benefits is an important means to alleviate the spatial imbalance of China’s mariculture efficiency. (3) There is a certain polarization trend in the efficiency of marine green aquaculture in China, and the polarization degree shows an overall upward trend. Compared with the northern and eastern marine economic circles, the spatial polarization of green aquaculture efficiency in the southern marine economic circle is the lowest. During the observation year, the change in green aquaculture efficiency in coastal provinces did not converge into minority groups, and the main reason for spatial polarization was that there was a large gap in green aquaculture efficiency among coastal provinces. The research results can provide a reference for accelerating the green transformation of mariculture and promoting the high-quality development of fisheries.

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Section: Gini Coefficient Mld Index Theil Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Wang,

Mao,

et al. 2024

Water

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“… Salmon production in Chile has increased massively at a human cost because of infringements on human rights and health and safety standards on fish farms (Díaz, 2009; Riedemann Fuentes et al, 2020) and erosion of traditional culture (Barton & Román, 2016). However, perhaps the most important trade‐off, from the local perspective, relates to the positive contribution of salmon farming to local employment, including more opportunities for women and reduction of local poverty (Cardenas‐Retamal et al, 2021; Ceballos et al, 2018), versus environmental impacts (e.g., escapees, diseases, chemical use). Naylor et al (in review) identified how seafood consumption in Chile has been declining despite rising incomes and increased aquaculture production.…”

Section: Understanding Of How Aquaculture Can Contribute To Achieving...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on aquaculture's contribution to theSustainable Development Goalsfor improved human and planetary health

Troell

Costa‐Pierce

Stead

et al. 2023

J World Aquaculture Soc

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The diverse aquaculture sector makes important contributions toward achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)/Agenda 2030, and can increasingly do so in the future. Its important role for food security, nutrition, livelihoods, economies, and cultures is not clearly visible in the Agenda 21 declaration. This may partly reflect the state of development of policies for aquaculture compared with its terrestrial counterpart, agriculture, and possibly also because aquaculture production has historically originated from a few key hotspot regions/countries. This review highlights the need for better integration of aquaculture in global food system dialogues. Unpacking aquaculture's diverse functions and generation of values at multiple spatiotemporal scales enables better understanding of aquaculture's present and future potential contribution to the SDGs. Aquaculture is a unique sector that encompasses all aquatic ecosystems (freshwater, brackish/estuarine, and marine) and is also tightly interconnected with terrestrial ecosystems through, for example, feed resources and other dependencies. Understanding environmental, social, and economic characteristics of the multifaceted nature of aquaculture provides for more context‐specific solutions for addressing both opportunities and challenges for its future development. This review includes a rapid literature survey based on how aquaculture links to the specific SDG indicators. A conceptual framework is developed for communicating the importance of context specificity related to SDG outcomes from different types of aquaculture. The uniqueness of aquaculture's contributions compared with other food production systems are discussed, including understanding of species/systems diversity, the role of emerging aquaculture, and its interconnectedness with supporting systems. A selection of case studies is presented to illustrate: (1) the diversity of the aquaculture sector and what role this diversity can play for contributions to the SDGs, (2) examples of methodologies for identification of aquaculture's contribution to the SDGs, and (3) trade‐offs between farming systems’ contribution to meeting the SDGs. It becomes clear that decision‐making around resource allocation and trade‐offs between aquaculture and other aquatic resource users needs review of a wide range of established and emergent systems. The review ends by highlighting knowledge gaps and pathways for transformation that will allow further strengthening of aquaculture's role for contributing to the SDGs. This includes identification and building on already existing monitoring that can enable capturing SDG‐relevant aquaculture statistics at a national level and discussion of how a cohesive and comprehensive aquaculture strategy, framed to meet the SDGs, may help countries to prioritize actions for improving well‐being.

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“…Also, some drastic actions can be adopted to reduce risks, including the reduction in farming production and the promotion of fishing pressure on escapes in areas of high risk. Because salmonid farming is the second most relevant non-mining export sector in Chile and it has relevant positive impacts on local development and employment in south of the country 24,25,49 these management actions would have relevant social and economic consequences and therefore they need to be carefully planned and periodical evaluations based on their effectiveness are needed.…”

Section: Advantages and Limitations Of The Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chile is the world's second largest salmon and trout (thereafter referred as ‘salmonid’) aquaculture producer with about 1 million tons harvested in 2020, representing near US$ 4.5 billion in revenue 23 . This intensive aquaculture of NNS has generated employment and helped reduce poverty in some cities and coastal communities 24,25 . Also free‐living salmonids have sustained recreational and artisanal fisheries, 12,26 even though commercial fishery of these species is illegal with few exceptions 27 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 This intensive aquaculture of NNS has generated employment and helped reduce poverty in some cities and coastal communities. 24,25 Also free-living salmonids have sustained recreational and artisanal fisheries, 12,26 even though commercial fishery of these species is illegal with few exceptions. 27 The introduction of salmonids in Chile began at the end of the 1800s to promote recreational fisheries of brown (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), however, the negative ecological impacts of these introductions including escapes from aquaculture have only been documented recently.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Environmental risk assessment of non‐native salmonid escapes from net pens in the Chilean Patagonia

Soto

Arisméndi

Olivos

et al. 2022

Reviews in Aquaculture

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Here, we review extensive information to estimate environmental risks from escaped non-native salmonids based on the assessments of hazard, sensitivity and exposure of discrete water bodies in Chile. In 2020, the country harvested about 1 million tons salmonids from net pens located along 1500 km of highly biodiverse coastline. We base our analysis on existing scientific information and authors' expert opinions including an assessment of knowledge gaps and uncertainties. Risks of environmental impacts differed by salmon species, being lowest for Atlantic salmon due to its estimated lower survival, lower ability to feed after escaping and lower reproductive capacity in the wild compared to coho salmon and rainbow trout. Overall risks due to escapes of any of the species were highest in areas of both high farming intensity and low capacity of mitigating escapes (by wild predators and fishers) such as Aysén District. At same time, risk was higher in the most farmed areas that also presented suitable habitats to support reproduction and juvenile salmonid rearing. However, the risk estimation certainty differed among species being lowest for Atlantic salmon due to insufficient monitoring of their fate in the wild. Monitoring the fate and impacts of escaped salmonids, specially in higher risk areas is recommended to improve risk projections and to prevent and mitigate further impacts. Since Atlantic and coho salmon are not yet successful invaders in Chile, research attention is urgently needed to assess the environmental consequences of escapes of these species. The present approach can be applied to any aquaculture system given the availability of information on farmed species and receiving ecosystems.

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Impact assessment of salmon farming on income distribution in remote coastal areas: The Chilean case

Cited by 13 publications

References 62 publications

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Study on the Spatial Imbalance and Polarization of Marine Green Aquaculture Efficiency in China

Perspectives on aquaculture's contribution to theSustainable Development Goalsfor improved human and planetary health

Environmental risk assessment of non‐native salmonid escapes from net pens in the Chilean Patagonia

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