Immunotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma

Jung, Sung‐Hoon; Lee, Hyunju; Vo, Manh-Cuong; Kim, Hyeoung-Joon; Lee, Je‐Jung

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.01.011

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Vaccine therapy is emerging in MM but not in AL amyloidosis. 23,[32][33][34] Low tumour burden and low tumour cell proliferative index are two advantages for immunotherapy in AL amyloidosis. 35 The specificity to malignant plasma cells and the common expression of these antigens in AL amyloidosis strongly suggest that they are promising targets for vaccine immunotherapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGE genes: Prognostic indicators in AL amyloidosis patients

Liu

Wen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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A high frequency of MAGE‐CT (cancer testis) antigens are expressed in Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients; however, in other plasma cell dyscrasias, their potential function remains unclear. We measured the expression of MAGE‐CT genes (MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐A3, MAGE‐C2/CT10) in 105 newly diagnosed amyloid light‐chain (AL) amyloidosis patients between June 2013 and January 2018 at Peking University People's Hospital using real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In the newly diagnosed AL patients, the positive expression rates of patients with MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐C2/CT10 and MAGE‐A3 were 83.8% (88/105), 56.71% (38/67) and 22.0% (13/59) respectively. There was no significant correlation between organ propensity and MAGE‐CT gene expression. Changes in the MAGE‐C1/CT7 levels were consistent with a therapeutic effect. The expression levels of MAGE‐C1/CT7, MAGE‐C2/CT10 and MAGE‐A3 provide potentially effective clinical indicators for auxiliary diagnoses and monitoring treatment efficacy in AL amyloidosis patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGE genes: Prognostic indicators in AL amyloidosis patients

Liu

Wen

et al. 2019

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…A select number of those trials are included in Table 3. Details concerning both preclinical and clinical studies of elotuzumab may be found in a number of extensive recently published reviews [30][31][32][33][34].…”

Section: Slam Family Proteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: An Update

Abramson¹

2018

Preprint

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The past two decades have seen a revolution in multiple myeloma (MM) therapy with the introduction of several small molecules, mostly orally effective, whose mechanisms are based on proteasome inhibition, histone deacetylase (HDAC) blockade, and immunomodulation. Immunotherapeutic approaches to MM treatment using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), while long in development, began to reap success with the identification of CD38 and SLAMF7 as suitable targets for development, culminating in the 2015 FDA approval of daratumumab and elotuzumab, respectively. This review highlights additional mAbs now in the developmental pipeline. Isatuximab, another anti-CD38 mAb, currently is under study in four phase III trials and may offer certain advantages over daratumumab. Several antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in the early stages of development are described, including JNJ-63723283, which has attained FDA breakthrough status for MM. Other mAbs described in this review include denosumab, recently approved for myeloma-associated bone loss, and checkpoint inhibitors, although the future status of the latter combined with immunomodulators has been clouded by unacceptably high death rates that caused the FDA to issue clinical holds on several of these trials. Also highlighted are therapies based on the B Cell Maturation Antigen (BCMA), another very promising target for anti-myeloma development.

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“… 1 It is characterized by aberrant bone marrow plasma cells proliferation, accompanied with excessive monoclonal protein production, which eventually causes hypercalcemia, renal failure, anemia, or lytic bone lesions. 2 The incidence of MM has been increased in the past years, and it accounts for ~1.8% of all cancers and 15% of all hematological malignancies, with an annual incidence of 6.5 per 100,000 people in western countries. 1 , 3 Chemotherapy is one of the standard treatment regimens for MM, and the common chemotherapeutic drugs include thalidomide, velcade (bortezomib), lenalidomide, and other traditional drugs such as vincristine and cytoxan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adjuvant immunotherapy of dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells is safe and enhances chemotherapy efficacy for multiple myeloma in China: a meta-analysis of clinical trials

Wang¹,

Lv²,

et al. 2017

DDDT

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells (DC–CIK) adjuvant immunotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM).MethodsClinical trials were gathered by searching Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and CNKI database. Outcome measurements including therapeutic efficacy, prognosis, immune function, and adverse events were extracted and evaluated.ResultsA total of 12 trials including 594 MM patients were involved in this study for statistical analysis. Results indicated that compared to chemotherapy alone, the combination of DC–CIK immunotherapy with chemotherapy significantly improved patients’ overall response rate (ORR, odds ratio [OR] =2.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.88–4.10, P<0.00001), disease control rate (DCR, OR =2.90, CI =1.72–4.90, P<0.0001), and life quality (P<0.00001). The combined therapy showed advantages over chemotherapy alone in prognostic indicators including percentage of tumor cells (P=0.04), serum levels of β2-microglobin (P<0.0001), M protein (P<0.00001), and creatinine (P<0.0001), and 24 h urine light chains (P<0.00001). After combined treatment, CD4+ lymphocyte subsets’ percentages, CD4+/CD8+ ratio, and cytokines levels of AgNOR, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12 were significantly increased (P<0.05), whereas CD8+ and CD4+CD25+ percentages and IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β levels were obviously decreased (P<0.01), indicating a recovered immune condition.ConclusionAdjuvant DC–CIK immunotherapy enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy for MM and improves prognosis probably by reconstructing immune function.

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Immunotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma

Cited by 28 publications

References 67 publications

MAGE genes: Prognostic indicators in AL amyloidosis patients

MAGE genes: Prognostic indicators in AL amyloidosis patients

Monoclonal Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma: An Update

Adjuvant immunotherapy of dendritic cells and cytokine-induced killer cells is safe and enhances chemotherapy efficacy for multiple myeloma in China: a meta-analysis of clinical trials

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