Immunotherapy for Allergic Disease

Matsui, Elizabeth C.; Eggleston, Peyton A.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-29875-9.00023-9

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…Immunotherapy is considered to be the most efficient way to treat and relieve the symptoms of allergies, with clinical studies indicating immunotherapy approaches have the potential to not only improve allergic symptoms but to eventually prevent allergies [13,70,95]. The process involves the continued and regular administration of allergen extracts to accomplish quantifiable tolerance to the symptom-producing allergens, in patients with a discernible allergic disease [74,96]. The first principle of treatment is often referred to as desensitization, where clinical effectiveness is dose-dependent [97].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second being that therapeutic effectiveness increases with time as significant improvement is not commonly seen until at least three months of therapy [98]. It is not yet clear the reason behind the delayed effects of immunotherapy, however symptomatic improvement is experienced by 25% of patients regardless of the length of therapy and potency of the antigen [96]. Therefore, it is important to relay realistic expectations to patients.…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike hypoallergens, allergoids are chemically modified or denatured native allergens which are commonly produced using various reagents, such as urea, glutaraldehyde and polyethylene glycol. These allergen derivatives are designed to retain the ability to elicit a T-cell response while minimizing the risk of the IgE-mediated response (anaphylaxis) [96]. Adjuvants are used alongside allergen extracts to boost the immunologic response in the hope of increasing efficacy.…”

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on recombinant and hypoallergenic variants are currently being continued in several directions. These include increasing the reliability of commercially available products to better standardize allergen extracts for consistent potency, shorten the dose and escalation phases, as well as the safety and efficacy of therapies available [96]. Studies are also being conducted on the use of adjuvants to elicit a more marked immune response while reducing the risk associated with immunotherapy [194].…”

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies are also being conducted on the use of adjuvants to elicit a more marked immune response while reducing the risk associated with immunotherapy [194]. Most recently, immunomodulatory therapies using anti-IgE and anti-cytokines are in clinical trials [96].…”

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Egg Allergy: Diagnosis and Immunotherapy

Dona

Suphioglu

2020

IJMS

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Hypersensitivity or an allergy to chicken egg proteins is a predominant symptomatic condition affecting 1 in 20 children in Australia; however, an effective form of therapy has not yet been found. This occurs as the immune system of the allergic individual overreacts when in contact with egg allergens (egg proteins), triggering a complex immune response. The subsequent instantaneous inflammatory immune response is characterized by the excessive production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody against the allergen, T-cell mediators and inflammation. Current allergen-specific approaches to egg allergy diagnosis and treatment lack consistency and therefore pose safety concerns among anaphylactic patients. Immunotherapy has thus far been found to be the most efficient way to treat and relieve symptoms, this includes oral immunotherapy (OIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT). A major limitation in immunotherapy, however, is the difficulty in preparing effective and safe extracts from natural allergen sources. Advances in molecular techniques allow for the production of safe and standardized recombinant and hypoallergenic egg variants by targeting the IgE-binding epitopes responsible for clinical allergic symptoms. Site-directed mutagenesis can be performed to create such safe hypoallergens for their potential use in future methods of immunotherapy, providing a feasible standardized therapeutic approach to target egg allergies safely.

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Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Production and Need For Recombinant And Hypoallergenic Egg Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Egg Allergy: Diagnosis and Immunotherapy

Dona

Suphioglu

2020

IJMS

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The Immune System: an Overview

Chinen¹,

Fleisher²,

Shearer³

2009

Middleton's Allergy: Principles and Practice

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Food Allergies: Immunosensors and Management

et al. 2022

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Food allergies (FA) are commonly depicted as immune responses. The mechanism of allergic reactions involves immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-immunoglobulin E (non-IgE)-related responses caused by contact with specific foods. FAs can be fatal, have negative effects and have become the subject of fanaticism in recent years. In terms of food safety, allergic compounds have become a problem. The immune response to allergens is different to that from food intolerance, pharmacological reactions, and poisoning. The most important allergenic foods are soybeans, milk, eggs, groundnuts, shellfishes, tree nuts, cereals and fish, which together are known as the “Big Eight”. This review will introduce and discuss FAs in milk, peanuts, nuts, shellfishes, eggs and wheat and their detections and potential treatments will also be provided. We believe that this review may provide important information regarding food-induced allergies for children who have allergic reactions and help them avoid the allergenic food in the future.

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Immunotherapy for Allergic Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Egg Allergy: Diagnosis and Immunotherapy

Egg Allergy: Diagnosis and Immunotherapy

The Immune System: an Overview

Food Allergies: Immunosensors and Management

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