Immunoreactivities of PPARγ2, leptin and leptin receptor in oviduct of Chinese brown frog during breeding period and pre-hibernation

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Wang

et al. 2019

Oviductus ranae is an animal-based traditional Chinese material widely used as tonics in China for hundreds of years. Various bioactive components are present in OR including proteins, amino acids, steroids, fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleosides, vitamins, hydantoins, and mineral elements. These constituents exert a myriad of biological functions such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antifatigue, antiaging, estrogen-like, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, antiosteoporotic, antidepressant, antitumor, antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antiasthmatic activities. Unlike other traditional Chinese crude drugs recorded in Chinese Pharmacopoeia, OR is seldom prescribed as medicine but often consumed as nutraceuticals to optimize health. In this review, the traditional uses, bioactive constituents, biological functions, and safety properties of OR as functional foods in China were summarized and discussed. It is expected that this review will provide useful information for anyone who is interested in OR.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Uses, Bioactive Constituents, Biological Functions, and Safety Properties of Oviductus ranae as Functional Foods in China

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

Wang

et al. 2019

“…Furthermore it can also provide a fine-tuned immune system to get over potential pathogens. [3][4][5] In female genital tract, there are a large number of microorganisms that may cause disease such as inflammation of the oviduct and its immune system has the ability of dealing with pathogenic microorganism. 6 For example, some report has shown that TLR4 is expressed in different types of uterine and oviductal cells of rabbit and their levels are increased by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration suggesting that their involvement in innate immunity for host defense was also found in the rabbit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressions of TLR4, MyD88, IRAK4 and NF-κΒ in the oviduct of Chinese brown frog (Rana dybowskii)

Zhao

et al. 2019

Eur J Histochem

One special physiological phenomenon of the Chinese brown frog (Rana dybowskii) is that its oviduct goes through expansion prior to pre-hibernation instead of expanding during the breeding period. Our previous study discovered that some cytokines such as interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and its receptor type I (IL1R1) proteins were expressed in the oviduct of Rana dybowskii. In this study, we continued to investigate the localizations and expression levels of cytokines including toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and its related factors, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κΒ) in the oviduct of Rana dybowskii during the breeding period and pre-hibernation. Morphological results showed that there were significant differences in oviductal weight and pipe diameter with significantly higher values in pre-hibernation than those of the breeding period. Strong immunostaining of TLR4, MyD88, IRAK4 and NF-κΒ were observed in the pre-hibernation. These proteins levels had no significant difference between these two periods except MyD88 which was significantly higher in the pre-hibernation. The mRNA expression levels of MyD88 and NF-κΒ were obviously higher in pre-hibernation than those of the breeding period. These findings suggested that TLR4/MyD88 signal pathway might participate in the oviductal functions of Rana dybowskii during the breeding period and pre-hibernation.

“…The oviduct is a reproductive organ of females, which plays several important roles in the events related to fertilization and embryo development. The oviduct is not only a passive channel for sperm and eggs transport, but is also a highly active secretory organ, such as estrous cycle and ovulation [ 1 ]. It provides the most efficient environment for the success of fertilization and early embryo development [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Rana chensinensis Oviduct

Wei

et al. 2018

Molecules

As one of most important traditional Chinese medicine resources, the oviduct of female Rana chensinensis (Chinese brown frog) was widely used in the treatment of asthenia after sickness or delivery, deficiency in vigor, palpitation, and insomnia. Unlike other vertebrates, the oviduct of Rana chensinensis oviduct significantly expands during prehibernation, in contrast to the breeding period. To explain this phenomenon at the molecular level, the protein expression profiles of Rana chensinensis oviduct during the breeding period and prehibernation were observed using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) technique. Then, all identified proteins were used to obtain gene ontology (GO) annotation. Ultimately, KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis was performed to predict the pathway on differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). A total of 4479 proteins were identified, and 312 of them presented different expression profiling between prehibernation and breeding period. Compared with prehibernation group, 86 proteins were upregulated, and 226 proteins were downregulated in breeding period. After KEGG enrichment analysis, 163 DEPs were involved in 6 pathways, which were lysosome, RNA transport, glycosaminoglycan degradation, extracellular matrix (ECM)–receptor interaction, metabolic pathways and focal adhesion. This is the first report on the protein profiling of Rana chensinensis oviduct during the breeding period and prehibernation. Results show that this distinctive physiological phenomenon of Rana chensinensis oviduct was mainly involved in ECM–receptor interaction, metabolic pathways, and focal adhesion.