Immunoprophylaxis of Salmonella enteritidis Infection by Lymphokines in Leghorn Chicks

Abstract

Chickens were treated prophylactically with the soluble products from Con A-stimulated T-lymphocytes from Salmonella enteritidis-infected chickens in order to investigate the effect of such prophylactic treatment on organ invasion by S. enteritidis. At 18 days of age, chicks were injected intraperitoneally with one of the following: A) the Amicon YM 10 ultrafiltrate from immunized chickens, B) the Amicon YM 10 ultraretentate material from immunized chickens, or C) the Amicon YM 10 ultraretentate material from control nonimmune chickens. Thirty minutes after lymphokine injection, all birds were challenged per os with 10(8) colony-forming units of S. enteritidis. At both 1 and 6 days post-challenge, prophylactic treatment of chickens with the immune retentate resulted in a 51-60% reduction in S. enteritidis organ invasion. The reduction in S. enteritidis organ invasion was associated with a significant increase in lamina propria thickness based on morphometric analysis (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that the prophylactic administration of S. enteritidis-immune lymphokines induces protection against S. enteritidis organ invasion, which is associated with a measurable microanatomical change in the cecal mucosa.

The effects of the BT/TAMUS 2032 cationic peptides on innate immunity and susceptibility of young chickens to extraintestinal Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis infection

“…In previous studies, we reported that the administration of SE-immune cytokines induces protection against salmonellae within 24 h in neonatal poultry [22][23][24][25]. Mechanistically, protection was associated with a potentiation of the biological functions of the circulating heterophils including adherence, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and bacterial killing [12,26,27].…”

Longevity of augmented phagocytic activity of heterophils in neonatal chickens following administration ofSalmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines to chickens

“…Studies have confirmed immunostimulants introduced into birds will result in an increased number of activated phagocytic cells migrating to the site of infection by an invasive microorganism (Rose et al, 1979;Kogut & Long, 1984;Latimer et al, 1988;Golemboskie et al, 1990;Ulich, 1992;Tellez et al, 1993). Rapid and effective inflammatory responses assist in destroying most injurious agents prior to excessive cell or tissue destruction occurring.…”

Vaccination and early protection against non-host-specific Salmonella serotypes in poultry: exploitation of innate immunity and microbial activity

“…Another result underlining the importance of chicken heterophils in protection against Salmonella organ invasion was the finding that intraperitoneal administration of S. Enteritidis-immune lymphokines (SE-ILK) to 18-week-old chickens protected the animals from organ invasion by S. Enteritidis [64,77]. SE-ILK are soluble products produced by T lymphocytes, derived from S. Enteritidis-immune hens, cultured in the presence of concanavalin A. Intraperitoneal administration of SE-ILK in chickens resulted in a dramatic increase in the number of heterophilic granulocytes into the peritoneum without changing the numbers of other leukocytes, and administration in ovo protected young chicks against organ invasion by Salmonella [78,79].…”