Immunophenotyping of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Lymphocytes

Harbeck, Ronald J.

doi:10.1128/cdli.5.3.271-277.1998

Cited by 30 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Our study identified a variety of disease processes associated with BAL fluid lymphocytosis in dogs, suggesting that lymphocytes could play a key role in the response to airway injury, regardless of the etiology of disease. In people, increased BAL fluid lymphocytes can be observed in asthma, sarcoidosis, infectious diseases such as human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis, lung neoplasia, bronchiolitis, and hypersensitivity lung diseases associated with eosinophilia . In horses, BAL fluid lymphocytosis also can be associated with various respiratory disease processes, likely because lymphocytes in the surface epithelium are involved in both protective immunity against infectious agents and immune responses to inhaled antigens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytosis in 104 dogs (2006‐2016)

Johnson

Vernau

2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cytology and culture are used to characterize respiratory diseases in dogs. Little is known about disorders associated with increased numbers of lymphocytes in BAL fluid. Objective To evaluate duration of clinical signs and detection of specific respiratory diagnoses in dogs with BAL lymphocytosis. Animals One‐hundred four client‐owned dogs evaluated for respiratory signs. Methods Medical records of dogs that had >300 cells/μL and >20% lymphocytes on a differential cell count of BAL fluid between January 1, 2006, and January 1, 2016, were reviewed retrospectively. Cases were evaluated for the duration of clinical signs and respiratory diagnoses, including aspiration injury, infectious or inflammatory respiratory disease, and airway collapse. Results Dogs ranged in age from 0.5 to 16 years (median, 7.9 years) and had a median body weight of 11.4 kg (range, 2.0‐42.7 kg). Eosinophilic lung disease was documented in 13 of 104 dogs (Group 1) and airway neutrophilia associated with infectious or inflammatory disease was found in 59 of 104 dogs (Group 2). Lymphocytosis alone in BAL fluid was described in 32 dogs (Group 3). Duration of cough did not differ among groups, but airway collapse was significantly more common in dogs with solitary lymphocytosis than in those with other types of inflammation. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Lymphocytosis in BAL fluid is common in dogs and, in many cases, likely represents a common response to airway injury, independent of the type or duration of insult. It is unknown whether airway collapse leads to lymphocytosis or if the inflammatory process causes airway collapse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytosis in 104 dogs (2006‐2016)

Johnson

Vernau

2019

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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“…DTT is widely used in sputum samples without having adverse effects on cell counts 13 . This method was preferred over filtering the sample through cotton gauze or other filters to avoid the potential risk of missing some populations of cells, either due to their size, or because they were trapped in mucus 14 . Other researchers have observed significant alterations in differential leukocyte counts in BALF filtered through cotton gauze, characterized by a relative increase in the proportion of macrophages 15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leukocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from normal and Maedi–Visna‐infected sheep

Katsoulos¹,

Christodoulopoulos²,

Kontopidis

et al. 2009

Veterinary Clinical Pathol

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“…Differential cell counts were carried out as described previously. 34 Prepared slide smears were also studied by dark field microscopy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Original Research: Evaluation of pulmonary response to inhaled tungsten (IV) oxide nanoparticles in golden Syrian hamsters

Prajapati

Adebolu

Morrow

et al. 2016

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Extensive industrial and military uses of tungsten have raised the possibilities of human occupational and environmental exposure to nanoparticles of this metal, with concomitant health concerns. The goal of this study was to investigate the potential mechanism of pulmonary toxicity associated with inhaled tungsten (IV) oxide nanoparticles (WO NPs) in Golden Syrian Hamsters. Animals exposed to WO NPs via inhalation were divided into three groups - control and two treatment groups exposed to either 5 or 10 mg/m of aerosolized WO NPs for 4 h/day for four days. A long-term exposure study (4 h/day for eight days) was also carried out using an additional three groups. Pulmonary toxicity assessed by examining changes in cell numbers, lactate dehydrogenase activity, alkaline phosphatase activity, total protein content, TNF-α, and HMGB1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids showed a significant difference when compared to control (P < 0.05). The molecular mechanism was established by assessing protein expression of cathepsin B, TXNIP, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β and caspase-1. Western blot analysis indicated a 1.5 and 1.7 fold changes in NLRP3 in treatment groups (5 mg/m, P < 0.05 and 10 mg/m, P < 0.01, respectively), whereas levels of cathepsin B were 1.3 fold higher in lung tissue exposed to WO NPs suggesting activation of inflammasome pathway. Morphological changes studied using light and electron microscopy showed localization of nanoparticles and subsequent perturbation in airway epithelia, macrophages, and interstitial areas of alveolar structures. Results from the current study indicate that inhalation exposure to WO NPs may induce cytotoxicity, morphological changes, and lung injury via pyroptotic cell death pathway caused by activation of caspase-1.

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Immunophenotyping of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Lymphocytes

Cited by 30 publications

References 98 publications

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytosis in 104 dogs (2006‐2016)

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid lymphocytosis in 104 dogs (2006‐2016)

Leukocyte counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from normal and Maedi–Visna‐infected sheep

Original Research: Evaluation of pulmonary response to inhaled tungsten (IV) oxide nanoparticles in golden Syrian hamsters

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