Immunopharmacological activity of<i>Echinacea</i>preparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Rininger, Joseph A.; Kickner, Shirley; Chigurupati, Padmasree; McLean, A. E. M.; Franck, Zsofia

doi:10.1189/jlb.68.4.503

Cited by 107 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Echinacea induced lower levels of IL-6 in comparison to the other cytokines measured. Echinacea herb and root powders were found to stimulate murine macrophage cytokine secretion as well as to signifi cantly enhance the viability and/or proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro (Rininger et al 2000 ). In contrast, echinacea extracts chemically standardized to phenolic acid or echinacoside content and fresh pressed juice preparations were found to be inactive as immunostimulatory agents but did display, to varying degrees, antiinfl ammatory and antioxidant properties.…”

Section: In-vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinacea purpurea

Lim¹

2013

Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants

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Section: In-vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinacea purpurea

Lim¹

2013

Edible Medicinal and Non-Medicinal Plants

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“…Early studies confirmed phagocyte-stimulating, hyaluronidase-inhibiting, and properdin-generating activities. Experiments using all three medicinal species of Echinacea have demonstrated macrophage-activating properties [33], including reports of increased macrophage phagocytic activity accompanied with enhanced cytokine production, in vitro and in vivo [33]. E. purpurea EOs have been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in mice and rats [12,34], and EOs from various medicinal plants have been reported to exhibit immunomodulatory activity through their ability to modulate neutrophil functional activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and In Vitro Innate Immunomodulatory Activity of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Essential Oils

Dosoky,

Kirpotina,

Schepetkin

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench is a medicinal plant commonly used for the treatment of upper respiratory tract infections, the common cold, sore throat, migraine, colic, stomach cramps, and toothaches and the promotion of wound healing. Based on the known pharmacological properties of essential oils (EOs), we hypothesized that E. purpurea EOs may contribute to these medicinal properties. In this work, EOs from the flowers of E. purpurea were steam-distilled and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), GC with flame-ionization detection (GC–FID), and chiral GC–MS. The EOs were also evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial and innate immunomodulatory activity. About 87 compounds were identified in five samples of the steam-distilled E. purpurea EO. The major components of the E. purpurea EO were germacrene D (42.0 ± 4.61%), α-phellandrene (10.09 ± 1.59%), β-caryophyllene (5.75 ± 1.72%), γ-curcumene (5.03 ± 1.96%), α-pinene (4.44 ± 1.78%), δ-cadinene (3.31 ± 0.61%), and β-pinene (2.43 ± 0.98%). Eleven chiral compounds were identified in the E. purpurea EO, including α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, limonene, β-phellandrene, α-copaene, β-elemene, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, and δ-cadinene. Analysis of E. purpurea EO antimicrobial activity showed that they inhibited the growth of several bacterial species, although the EO did not seem to be effective for Staphylococcus aureus. The E. purpurea EO and its major components induced intracellular calcium mobilization in human neutrophils. Additionally, pretreatment of human neutrophils with the E. purpurea EO or (+)-δ-cadinene suppressed agonist-induced neutrophil calcium mobilization and chemotaxis. Moreover, pharmacophore mapping studies predicted two potential MAPK targets for (+)-δ-cadinene. Our results are consistent with previous reports on the innate immunomodulatory activities of β-caryophyllene, α-phellandrene, and germacrene D. Thus, this study identified δ-cadinene as a novel neutrophil agonist and suggests that δ-cadinene may contribute to the reported immunomodulatory activity of E. purpurea.

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“…Based on empirical data from traditional medicine, many investigations revealed the potential of medicinal plants and their active compounds to inhibit inflammation and modulate the immune response through multiple mechanisms [1][2][3][4][5][6]. In light of the current 2 of 15 challenges, e.g., those raised by the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a growing interest in a treatment with the potency to ameliorate the host's defense since disease severity very often is not only a result of direct viral cytotoxicity but rather of an extremely powerful host reaction, including cytokine storm, causing magnified viral invasion and resulting in a destructive inflammatory response [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sambucus ebulus (Elderberry) Fruits Modulate Inflammation and Complement System Activity in Humans

Kiselova-Kaneva

Nashar

Roussev

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Sambucus ebulus (SE) fruits are used for immune stimulation and amelioration of gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions. Currently, there is no scientific evidence of their effects on various aspects of the immune response mechanisms in humans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of SE fruit infusion intake in healthy humans. Anthocyanin content was determined with UPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Fifty-three volunteers enrolled in a 4-week SE infusion intake intervention. Blood count, serum total protein, Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNFα), High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), C3, and C4 levels were measured on automatic analyzers, and Interleukin 8 (IL-8) was measured manually with an ELISA kit. Cyanidin-3-O-galactoside (48.15 mg/g DW), followed by cyaniding-3-sambubioside (43.41 ± 1.07 mg/g DW), were the most abundant anthocyanins in SE samples. A significant decrease in total protein (2.82%), IL-6 (20.15%), TNFα (5.38%), IL-8 (5.50%), C3 (4.16%), and C4 (14.29%) was established in the whole group. Total protein, IL-8, TNFα, and C4 decreased in women (3.11%, 4.76%, 5.09%, and 11.11%), and IL-6 decreased (40.61%) in men. Hb (1.20%) and hematocrit (1.55%) levels decreased in the whole group and in the women group (1.61% and 2.20%). SE fruits exert immune-modulatory activity as revealed by decreased pro-inflammatory status and complement activity markers in healthy volunteers after a 4-week intervention.

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Immunopharmacological activity ofEchinaceapreparations following simulated digestion on murine macrophages and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Cited by 107 publications

References 32 publications

Echinacea purpurea

Echinacea purpurea

Volatile Composition, Antimicrobial Activity, and In Vitro Innate Immunomodulatory Activity of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench Essential Oils

Sambucus ebulus (Elderberry) Fruits Modulate Inflammation and Complement System Activity in Humans

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