Echinacea purpurea

Lim, T. K.

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7395-0_23

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…Even if assuming that an equivalent amount of tetraenes would reach hepatic cells as estimated above for the enterocyte’s exposure, this concentration would be at least 3.4-fold lower than the concentrations used in our cell study. Based on the data from this study for cichoric acid, a maximum concentration of 15 μg/mL is estimated to be exposed to the intestine or liver while the level of echinacoside is negligible . Both preclinical and clinical studies predict tetraenes as the most bioavailable compound because of its lipophilicity while the caffeic acid derivatives and other trace compounds are poorly absorbed. , Therefore, the cichoric acid derivatives might not be able to inhibit or activate ABCB1 and ABCG2 at a concentration around the EC 20 in both enterocytes and hepatic cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Phytocompounds of Echinacea purpurea with ABCB1 and ABCG2 Efflux Transporters

et al. 2021

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Preparations of Echinacea purpurea (E. purpurea) are widely used for the management of upper respiratory infections, influenza, and common cold, often in combination with other conventional drugs. However, the potential of phytochemical constituents of E. purpurea to cause herb–drug interactions via ABCB1 and ABCG2 efflux transporters remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of E. purpurea-derived caffeic acid derivatives (cichoric acid and echinacoside) and tetraenes on the mRNA and protein expression levels as well as on transport activity of ABCB1 and ABCG2 in intestinal (Caco-2) and liver (HepG2) cell line models. The safety of these compounds was investigated by estimating EC20 values of cell viability assays in both cell lines. Regulation of ABCB1 and ABCG2 protein in these cell lines were analyzed after 24 h exposure to the compounds at 1, 10, and 50 μg/mL. Bidirectional transport of 0.5 μg/mL Hoechst 33342 and 5 μM rhodamine across Caco-2 monolayer and profiling for intracellular concentrations of the fluorophores in both cell lines were conducted to ascertain inhibition effects of the compounds. Cichoric acid showed no cytotoxic effect, while the EC20 values of tetraenes and echinacoside were 45.0 ± 3.0 and 52.0 ± 4.0 μg/mL in Caco-2 cells and 28.0 ± 4.3 and 62.0 ± 9.9 μg/mL in HepG2 cells, respectively. In general, the compounds showed heterogeneous induction of ABCB1 with the strongest 3.6 ± 1.2-fold increase observed for 10 μg/mL tetraenes in Caco-2 cells (p < 0.001). However, the compounds did not induce ABCG2. None of the phytocompounds inhibited significantly net flux of the fluorophores across Caco-2 monolayers. Overall, tetraenes moderately induced ABCB1 but not ABCG2 in Caco-2 and HepG2 cells while no compound significantly inhibited activity of these transporters at clinically relevant concentration to cause herb–drug interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of Phytocompounds of Echinacea purpurea with ABCB1 and ABCG2 Efflux Transporters

et al. 2021

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“…Tocopherols and tocotrienols (α-, β-or γ-, and δ-forms) are soluble in the polar organic solvents and can be found in tinctures and ethanolic extracts obtained from the fruits and seeds of medicinal plants. Typical examples are Capsicum annuum L. [82] and Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench [83].…”

Section: Overview Of Electrochemical Methods Used For the Evaluation ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Characterization of the Antioxidant Properties of Medicinal Plants and Products: A Review

Ziyatdinova

Kalmykova

2023

Molecules

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Medicinal plants are an important source of bioactive compounds with a wide spectrum of practically useful properties. Various types of antioxidants synthesized in plants are the reasons for their application in medicine, phytotherapy, and aromatherapy. Therefore, reliable, simple, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and rapid methods for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of medicinal plants and products on their basis are required. Electrochemical methods based on electron transfer reactions are promising tools to solve this problem. Total antioxidant parameters and individual antioxidant quantification can be achieved using suitable electrochemical techniques. The analytical capabilities of constant-current coulometry, potentiometry, various types of voltammetry, and chrono methods in the evaluation of total antioxidant parameters of medicinal plants and plant-derived products are presented. The advantages and limitations of methods in comparison to each other and traditional spectroscopic methods are discussed. The possibility to use electrochemical detection of the antioxidants via reactions with oxidants or radicals (N- and O-centered) in solution, with stable radicals immobilized on the electrode surface, via oxidation of antioxidants on a suitable electrode, allows the study of various mechanisms of antioxidant actions occurring in living systems. Attention is also paid to the individual or simultaneous electrochemical determination of antioxidants in medicinal plants using chemically modified electrodes.

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“…Hall et al (2007) suggested that the possible immune function mechanism could increase cytokine production like IL-6 or 1, tumor necrosis factor, and activation of phagocytes and lymphocytes. In vitro cultures also reported that fresh Echinacea purpurea juice activates macrophages to produce cytokine (Lim, 2014). Several bioactive components are obtained from different parts of Echinacea, such as glycoproteins, caffeic acid phenolic compounds, flavanoids responsible for conferring both innate and adaptive immunity.…”

Section: Plant-derived and Herbal Supplements Echinaceamentioning

confidence: 97%

Physical Activity and Nutritional Influence on Immune Function: An Important Strategy to Improve Immunity and Health Status

et al. 2021

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Physical activity (PA) and nutrition are the essential components of a healthy lifestyle, as they can influence energy balance, promote functional ability of various systems and improve immunity. Infections and their associated symptoms are the common and frequent challenges to human health that are causing severe economic and social consequences around the world. During aging, human immune system undergoes dramatic aging-related changes/dysfunctions known as immunosenescence. Clinically, immunosenescence refers to the gradual deterioration of immune system that increases exposure to infections, and reduces vaccine efficacy. Such phenomenon is linked to impaired immune responses that lead to dysfunction of multiple organs, while lack of physical activity, progressive loss of muscle mass, and concomitant decline in muscle strength facilitate immunosenescence and inflammation. In the present review, we have discussed the role of nutrition and PA, which can boost the immune system alone and synergistically. Evidence suggests that long-term PA is beneficial in improving immune system and preventing various infections. We have further discussed several nutritional strategies for improving the immune system. Unfortunately, the available evidence shows conflicting results. In terms of interaction with food intake, PA does not tend to increase energy intake during a short time course. However, overcoming nutritional deficiencies appears to be the most practical recommendation. Through the balanced nutritious diet intake one can fulfill the bodily requirement of optimal nutrition that significantly impacts the immune system. Supplementation of a single nutrient as food is generally not advisable. Rather incorporating various fruits and vegetables, whole grains, proteins and probiotics may ensure adequate nutrient intake. Therefore, multi-nutrient supplements may benefit people having deficiency in spite of sufficient diet. Along with PA, supplementation of probiotics, bovine colostrum, plant-derived products and functional foods may provide additional benefits in improving the immune system.

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Echinacea purpurea

Cited by 11 publications

References 154 publications

Interaction of Phytocompounds of Echinacea purpurea with ABCB1 and ABCG2 Efflux Transporters

Interaction of Phytocompounds of Echinacea purpurea with ABCB1 and ABCG2 Efflux Transporters

Electrochemical Characterization of the Antioxidant Properties of Medicinal Plants and Products: A Review

Physical Activity and Nutritional Influence on Immune Function: An Important Strategy to Improve Immunity and Health Status

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