Immunomodulatory potential of polysaccharides derived from plants and microbes: A narrative review

Sindhu, Rakesh K.; Goyal, Annima; Das, Jaya; Neha, .; Choden, Sangay; Kumar, Pradeep

doi:10.1016/j.carpta.2021.100044

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…The immune system is an important system for the body to perform the immune response and immune function (Sindhu et al., 2021). And macrophages, as part of non‐specific and specific immunities, play a crucial role in the body's defense.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effects of extracellular polysaccharide from Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation

Liu

Mao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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In this study, gradient ethanol precipitation method was applied to obtain the extracellular polysaccharides of Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 (VL8‐EPS). The yields, physicochemical properties, and immunomodulatory effects of VL8‐EPS obtained by precipitation at different ethanol concentrations (30%, 50%, and 70%, v/v) were compared. The results showed that VL8‐EPSs were high molecular weight sulfated heteropolysaccharides, composed mainly of glucose and galactose, and the alteration of ethanol concentration had an effect on their chemical compositions, molecular weight distributions, monosaccharide composition, and surface structure, while the primary structure remained the same. Among the three polysaccharide fractions, VL8‐EPS50 displayed better immunomodulatory activities compared with VL8‐EPS30 and VL8‐EPS70. VL8‐EPS50 was found to exert immunomodulatory effects by enhancing the phagocytic activity of RAW264.7 cells and to promote their secretion of more nitric oxide; it also showed stronger thermal and solution stability. In summary, there was a correlation between the structural characteristics of polysaccharides and their immunomodulatory activity, and VL8‐EPS50 was preferentially used for in vivo immunomodulatory activity. Practical ApplicationThis study opens up the source of raw materials for functional foods, which can provide some theoretical basis for the research and development of extracellular polysaccharides of lactic acid bacteria and promote their application in the future development of food industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effects of extracellular polysaccharide from Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation

Liu

Mao

Zhang

et al. 2022

Journal of Food Science

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“…Polysaccharides are a kind of biomacromolecule with complex and diverse structures that widely exist in a variety of plants [6] . Several studies have shown that natural polysaccharides have immunomodulation, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐virus, anti‐oxidation, and anticancer activities [7–11] . Recently, polysaccharides from medicinal plants with high efficiency and low toxicity have also been proved to be important raw materials of novel natural complement inhibitors for the treatment of complement overactivation‐related diseases, which has attracted increasing attention [12–14] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and Structural Characterization of Two Polysaccharides from Dracocephalum moldavica and Their Anti‐Complementary Activity

Wang

Jin

et al. 2022

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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The two novel polysaccharides, DMP‐1 and DMP‐2, with molecular weights of 4.1553×105 kDa and 1.9764×105 kDa, respectively, were isolated from Dracocephalum moldavica. The structural characterization indicated that DMP‐1 and DMP‐2 shared a similar backbone consisting of →5)‐Araf‐(1→, Manp‐(1→, Glcp‐(1→, →2)‐Manp‐(1→, →6)‐Glcp‐(1→ and →3,6)‐Galp‐(1→ with a different molar ratios and triple‐helix structures with α‐ and β‐type glycosidic bonds. The anti‐complementary activity evaluation showed that DMP‐1 and DMP‐2 had strong complement inhibition through the classical pathway (CP), alternative pathway (AP) and lectin pathway (LP). Mechanistic studies indicated that DMP‐1 can block the activation cascade of the complement system by targeting C2, C3, C5, C9, Factor B and Factor P, and that DMP‐2 inhibited complement activation by blocking C2, C3, C4, C5, C9 and Factor B.

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“…The great potential of G. lucidum in supporting the treatment of the present diseases of civilization, such as diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis or inflammation, has been demonstrated. Polysaccharides obtained from Ganoderma lucidum show a wide range of pharmacological antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antineurodegenerative, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer and antibacterial properties ( Figure 1 ) [ 4 , 5 ]. The polysaccharide is a type of natural polymer made of monosaccharides linked by α and β glycosidic bonds to form main and side chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Promoting of Polysaccharides Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum

2021

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Medicinal mushrooms are rich sources of pharmacologically active compounds. One of the mushrooms commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine is Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss. Ex Fr.) Karst. In Asian countries it is treated as a nutraceutical, whose regular consumption provides vitality and improves health. Ganoderma lucidum is an important source of biologically active compounds. The pharmacologically active fraction of polysaccharides has antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antineurodegenerative and antidiabetic activities. In this review, we summarize the activity of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP).

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Immunomodulatory potential of polysaccharides derived from plants and microbes: A narrative review

Cited by 35 publications

References 109 publications

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effects of extracellular polysaccharide from Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation

Structural characterization and immunomodulatory effects of extracellular polysaccharide from Lactobacillus paracasei VL8 obtained by gradient ethanol precipitation

Isolation and Structural Characterization of Two Polysaccharides from Dracocephalum moldavica and Their Anti‐Complementary Activity

Health-Promoting of Polysaccharides Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum

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