Immunomodulatory effects of a polysaccharide purified from Lepidium meyenii Walp. on macrophages

Wang, Wei; Zou, Ye; Li, Qian; Mao, Riwen; Shao, Xingjun; Dun, Jin; Zheng, Donghai; Zhao, Ting; Zhu, Huifen; Zhang, Lin; Yang, Liuqing

doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2016.01.003

Cited by 95 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…After purification, the LMP was hydrolyzed and subjected for HPLC and GC analysis to determine the molecular weight and monosaccharide composition. It was found that LMP possess the molecular weight of 379.4 kDa and rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, and galactose were the main components with a molar ratio of 2.12:7.75:1:3.77, which was similar with the reported paper (Wang et al, ).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Optimization of Maca polysaccharide extraction process and its chemo‐protective effects on cyclophosphamide‐induced mice

Wang

Huang

et al. 2018

J Food Process Engineering

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In this study, the extraction process of Maca polysaccharide (LMP) was deeply studied and its chemo‐protective effects on Cyclophosphamide (Cy)‐induced mice were evaluated. By single factor investigation and response surface methodology optimization, it was found that the liquid‐to‐solid ratio, extraction time, and extraction temperature were the main factors which affected the extraction yield of LMP. The optimum extraction process was obtained by Box–Behnken design combined with response surface methodology. It was found that, at the condition of liquid‐to‐solid ratio of 30:1; extraction time of 2.3 hr; and extraction temperature of 90°C, the yield of the LMP could reach 46.56%. Furthermore, by oral administration of LMP, the cyclophosphamide‐induced mice showed the proliferation of lymphocyte and the phagocytic capacity of macrophages’ enhancements. The number of white blood cell, red blood cell, and platelets in the peripheral blood were up‐regulated; the spleen total superoxide dismutase, Catalase, and Glutathione‐peroxidase activities were enhanced, while the Serum malondialdehyde and Triacylglycerols content was reduced. Therefore, our work provided an effective way for extraction of LMP and demonstrated the chemo‐protective effects of LMP on the animal level. Practical application Natural polysaccharides from functional food sources are widely accepted for their bioactive activities. As extraction conditions significantly affected the quality and yield of polysaccharides, the effective extraction process for polysaccharides should be systematically investigated. In the current work, the optimum conditions for polysaccharides extraction from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) (LMP) were obtained using liquid‐to‐solid ratio of 30:1 for 2.3 hr at 90°C. The Mass characterization and Monosaccharide Composition of LMP were also determined. Furthermore, the extracted LMP exhibited well Chemo‐protective activities on Cyclophosphamide‐induced mice. Therefore, our work showed the potential applications of Maca polysaccharides as the easily accessible source of natural immunopotentiating agents in function food and pharmaceutical industry.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Optimization of Maca polysaccharide extraction process and its chemo‐protective effects on cyclophosphamide‐induced mice

Wang

Huang

et al. 2018

J Food Process Engineering

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“…Previous studies focused on macamides and macaenes (Esparza and others ; Zhang and others ), alkaloids (Zhao and others ), and polyphenols (Bai and others ), whose contents are much less than those of maca polysaccharides (MPs). Although the isolation, monosaccharide composition, immunomodulatory effects (Zhang and others ), and antioxidant activities in vitro of MP had been described (Zha and others ; Wang and others ), the detailed chemical structure and antifatigue effect in vivo of MP have seldom to be explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization and Antifatigue Effect In Vivo of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) Polysaccharide

Tang¹,

Jin²,

Xie³

et al. 2017

Journal of Food Science

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Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) polysaccharides (MP) with purity of 99.2% were obtained to investigate their structural characteristics and antifatigue effect in vivo. The physicochemical properties of MP were analyzed through high-performance gel filtration chromatography, IR, monosaccharide composition, methylation, GC-MS, and NMR analyses. The antifatigue effect of MP was evaluated by using a mouse weight-loaded swimming model. MP is an acidic heteropolysaccharide with an average molecular weight (M ) of 793.5 kDa. It is composed of D-GalA: D-Glc: L-Ara: D-Man: D-Gal: L-Rha = 35.07:29.98:16.98:13.01:4.21:0.75 (mol, %). The findings revealed that MP contained β-1,3-Galp(A), β-1,3-Glcp, and α-1, 3-Manp linked alternatingly to form a backbone (5:4:1). MP (above mid-dosage 50 mg/kg bw/d) could effectively elongate swimming durations and accelerate average swimming speeds (within the 1st 5 min) of mice (P < 0.05) and improve the serous biochemical parameters of mice. Compared with the control model, high-dosage (100 mg/kg bw/d) MP treatment could significantly enhance glutathione peroxidase and creatine kinase activities (P < 0.05) and decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity (P < 0.01). High-dosage MP could significantly reduce the levels of blood urea nitrogen, lactic acid, and malondialdehyde (P < 0.05). MP is an acidic polysaccharide with a high D-GalA content, which could be responsible for the antifatigue effect of maca.

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“…The proton signals around δ H 4.83~4.95 ppm and δ H 5.18~5.35 ppm in the 1 H-NMR spectrum ( Figure 2A) exhibited a peak area ratio of about 1.9:1; therefore the signals at δ H 4.83~4.95 ppm were considered to represent the main linkages of BP1. The anomeric carbon signals at δ C 98.5~100.0 ppm and δ C 100.2~101.4 ppm from 13 C-NMR ( Figure 2B) showed a peak area ratio of about 1.76:1, so the signals at δ C 98.5~100 ppm were attributed to the main anomeric carbon signals of BP1. It seems likely that the signals of δ C 98.5~100.0/δ H 4.83~4.95 were generated by 1,6-/1,3,6-linked Glc [21,22,24], which were some of the major linkage types according to methylation analysis (Table 1).…”

Section: Nmr and Structure Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1 H-NMR (400 MHz), 13 C-NMR (100 MHz), 2D-NMR, including 1 H-1 H correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (HSQC) and heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) spectra of BP1, were obtained on a Bruker Avance 400 spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Rheinstetten, Germany). BP1 (40 mg) was dissolved in 1 mL of D 2 O (99.9% D) and freeze-dried to complete deuterium exchange.…”

Section: Nmr Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many polysaccharides have been reported to be Plant polysaccharides have shown many bioactivities [10,11], whose ability to modulate immune function is popularly considered a major aspect. Many polysaccharides have been reported to be able to activate macrophages [12][13][14], and this activation plays an important role in the immune response. The present study aims to analyze the chemistry of polysaccharides purified from the water extract of Lobelia chinensis and to explore their immune modulating effects on the RAW 264.7 cell line.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Structure and Immunomodulating Activities of an α-Glucan Purified from Lobelia chinensis Lour

Bao

Leung

et al. 2016

Molecules

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A neutral α-glucan, named BP1, with a molecular mass of approximately 9.45 kDa, was isolated from Lobelia chinensis by hot-water extraction, a Q-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Superdex-75 column chromatography. Its chemical structure was characterized by monosaccharide analysis, methylation analysis and analysis of its FT-IR, high performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC) and 1D/2D-NMR spectra data. The backbone of BP1 consists of The results of the effect of BP1 on mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 indicate that BP1 enhances the cell proliferation, phagocytosis, nitric oxide production and cytokine secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Because the inhibitor of Toll-like receptor 4 blocks the BP1-induced secretion of TNF-α and IL-6, we hypothesize that α-glucan BP1 activates TLR4, which mediates the above-mentioned immunomodulating effects.

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Immunomodulatory effects of a polysaccharide purified from Lepidium meyenii Walp. on macrophages

Cited by 95 publications

References 46 publications

Optimization of Maca polysaccharide extraction process and its chemo‐protective effects on cyclophosphamide‐induced mice

Optimization of Maca polysaccharide extraction process and its chemo‐protective effects on cyclophosphamide‐induced mice

Structural Characterization and Antifatigue Effect In Vivo of Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp) Polysaccharide

Chemical Structure and Immunomodulating Activities of an α-Glucan Purified from Lobelia chinensis Lour

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