Immunomodulation by heavy metal compounds

Schuppe, Hans‐Christian; Rönnau, Andrea C.; Schmiedeberg, Sherko von; Ruzicka, Thomas; Gleichmann, Ernst; Griem, Peter

doi:10.1016/s0738-081x(97)00194-6

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Hypersensitivity was also described after dermal application of mercurochrome [120,121] and in connection with mercury in tattoos [122]. However, occupational contact dermatitis from mercury is considered to be rare [20], and a positive patch test for mercury is generally without clinical consequences [115]. Amalgam can induce allergic reactions in humans in rare cases [123].…”

Section: Hypersensitivity In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)

Schwenk

Klein

Templeton

2009

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)Abstract: Various chemical species of mercury differ considerably with regard to their route of absorption and their distribution in the body, yet many of them and their metabolites exhibit high-affinity binding to sulfanyl groups of proteins. Among all metals, mercury appears to have the most diverse effects on the immune system. Depending on the animal species and experimental conditions, mercury compounds may cause immunosuppression or immunostimulation, autoimmune reactions, or hypersensitivity. Mercury-sensitive strains of rats and mice are often used as model organisms to study the time course and events in autoimmunity. Within about 14 days after onset of oral mercury(II) exposure, levels of immunoglobulins E and G (IgE and IgG) increase, including autoantibodies to biomolecules such as laminin and fibrillarin. Antigen-antibody complexes are formed and are the cause of subsequent autoimmune diseases of blood vessels and organs. Mercury may induce local mercury hypersensitivity in humans, but the evidence for a role of mercury in autoimmune disease of humans is at best weak. Models for the immune effects of mercury are presented on the basis of current knowledge.

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Section: Hypersensitivity In Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although other metals can share this type of reactivity, mercury seems to exhibit the most diverse effects on the immune system among metals, making it attractive as a model substance to study interactions between metals and the immune system. Some aspects of these interactions have been described in earlier reviews [14,[18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)

Schwenk

Klein

Templeton

2009

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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“…Metal ions may modulate immune function in two general ways [1]. They may activate T or B cells by specific receptor interactions, with resultant expansion of the metal-specific lymphocyte causing an immune response upon re-exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Contact dermatitis is one of the most common manifestations of metal allergy, and delayed-type hypersensitivity caused by Ni 2+ is present in up to 10 % of the Caucasian population, mainly women [3,4]. Other ions, such as Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cr 3+ , and Pd, Pt, Hg, and Au species [1,5,6] can also cause contact dermatitis, but a considerable literature has dealt with understanding Ni 2+ as a hapten [6], and has produced strong evidence for T-cell involvement in the pathogenesis [6][7][8]. CD4 + T cells in particular play an important role in metal-specific responses [1,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other ions, such as Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , Cr 3+ , and Pd, Pt, Hg, and Au species [1,5,6] can also cause contact dermatitis, but a considerable literature has dealt with understanding Ni 2+ as a hapten [6], and has produced strong evidence for T-cell involvement in the pathogenesis [6][7][8]. CD4 + T cells in particular play an important role in metal-specific responses [1,9,10]. The frequent clinical sensitization to multiple metals [11,12] also should be accounted for by any proposed mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of immunosensitization to metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

Templeton¹

2004

Pure and Applied Chemistry

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A project is underway within IUPAC to evaluate and harmonize the use of various biomarkers for immunosensitization to metals. This present review summarizes our knowledge of the mechanisms by which certain trace elements evoke allergenicity. Some physiological electrolytes (e.g., Na+, K+) and macronutrients (e.g., Ca2+, Fe3+) are immunologically inactive. However, some trace elements essential for cell function (e.g., Co2+, Cu2+, Cr3+), as well as nonessential elements generally considered toxic (e.g., Hg species) or in use as therapeutic agents (e.g., some species of Pt and Au), can give rise to adverse immune reactions. Specific immunological responses to Ni, Co, Cr, Hg, Be, Cu, Pt, Pd, Ir, In, and Au are discussed. In general, these elements can activate T or B cells by specific receptor interactions, resulting in clonal expansion of a metal-specific lymphocyte and an immune response (typically dermatitis) upon re-exposure. Compelling evidence points to the primary role of the T cell in responding to the metal. T-cell activation occurs when a protein of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) binds to a T-cell receptor in the presence of an MHC binding peptide. Many antigenic substances result in presentation of MHC bound antigenic peptides to the T-cell receptor; metal ions appear to act as haptens that directly or indirectly cause structural changes in MHC molecule-peptide complexes that result in recognition of these complexes by specific T-cell subsets. Nickel and gold are particularly instructive in understanding mechanisms, and are used to discuss models in which the metal may bind to the antigenic peptide (i) before or (ii) after its association with the MHC/T-cell receptor complex, (iii) may bind to the MHC/receptor complex prior to recruitment of the antigenic peptide, or (iv) may bind to the formed peptide/MHC/receptor complex through ligands contributed by one or more of the components.

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Palladium Toxicity in Animals and in in vitro Test Systems — An Overview

Melber

Mangelsdorf

Palladium Emissions in the Environment

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Immunomodulation by heavy metal compounds

Cited by 32 publications

References 52 publications

Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)

Immunological effects of mercury (IUPAC Technical Report)

Mechanisms of immunosensitization to metals (IUPAC Technical Report)

Palladium Toxicity in Animals and in in vitro Test Systems — An Overview

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