Immunomodulation and interferon gamma gene expression in sutchi cat fish,Pangasianodon hypophthalmus: effect of dietary fucoidan rich seaweed extract (FRSE) on pre and post challenge period

Abstract

A 45-days feeding trial was conducted to study the immunomodulatory effect and interferon gamma gene expression of dietary fucoidan rich seaweed extract (FRSE) from Sargassum wightii on Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fingerlings. One hundred and eighty fingerlings were distributed into six experimental groups in triplicates. Each group was stocked with 10 fish and fed to satiation with iso-nitrogenous (34.96 AE 0.09-35.18 AE 0.03 CP%) and iso-caloric (368.65 AE 0.86-375.09 AE 0.26 Kcal/100 g) purified diets containing either 0% FRSE (control), 1% FRSE (TF 1 ), 2% FRSE (TF 2 ), 3% FRSE (TF 3 ), 3% seaweed powder (TS 3 ) or 6% seaweed powder (TS 6 ) in the feed. After feeding trial the experimental fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. Immunological parameters like respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity and total leukocyte count (TLC) were increased with the increasing level of dietary FRSE, whereas serum Albumin/ Globulin (A/G) ratio and blood glucose level exhibited decreasing trend (P < 0.05). Increased TLC, blood glucose level, respiratory burst activity, serum A/G ratio, lysozyme and phagocytic activities were recorded during the post-challenge period. Maximum expression of interferon gamma (IFN-c) gene was recorded in FRSE fed groups than the control group both in pre and post challenge condition. After challenged with A. hydrophila the highest survival was observed in TF 2 and TF 3 groups whereas lowest survival was observed in the control group. Hence, dietary supplementation of FRSE at an optimum level of 2% reduced the stress and improved the immune status of P. hypophthalmus fingerlings.

Concomitant production of lipase, protease and enterocin by Enterococcus faecium NCIM5363 and Enterococcus durans NCIM5427 isolated from fish processing waste

“…The effect of fucoidan-rich seaweed extract on growth performance of carps has not been studied yet. Fucoidan has shown significant increase in growth performance in aquatic animals (Traifalgar et al 2010;Immanuel et al 2012;Tuller et al 2014;Prabu et al 2016). We found no significant difference in growth performance of the experimental groups.…”

“…This powder was used for feed preparation and extraction of crude fucoidan. The crude FRSE was obtained from seaweed powder by the alcohol-hot water method of Prabu et al (2016). To quantify the fucoidan content in crude FRSE, it was dialyzed in a cellulose tubing having molecular weight cut off of 5000.…”

“…Sargassum wightii also contains fucoidan, a water-soluble, sulphated fibrous polysaccharide. Fucoidan is bestowed with many biological properties that include immunostimulation (Kitikiew et al 2013;Prabu et al 2016) disease resistance (Chotigeat et al 2004;Immanuel et al 2012), growth stimulation in shrimps (Traifalgar et al 2010) and finfish (Tuller et al 2014;Prabu et al 2016). The effect of dietary Sargassum wightii and its fucoidan-rich extract on the immuno-physiological responses and growth performance of Indian major carps has not been studied in detail.…”

Macroalgae as a sustainable aquafeed ingredient

“…respiratory burst activity, lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity and total leucocyte count) in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Prabu et al . ). Similarly, in vitro exposure of sole ( Solea senegalensis ), phagocytes to ethanolic extracts of Hydropuntia cornea increased superoxide anion production by >50% (Díaz‐Rosales et al .…”

Beneficial roles of feed additives as immunostimulants in aquaculture: a review

“…Fucoidan is seaweed algal sulphated polysaccharide with a wide variety of biological activities including detoxification of heavy metals, antiviral, antibacterial and antiparasitic action, antioxidant effect (Davis et al 2003;Chotigeat et al 2004;Immanuel et al 2012). The importance of fucoidan in disease resistance and immunomodulatory has been highlighted in several farmed aquatic species (Deachamag et al 2006;Immanuel et al 2012;Kitikiew et al 2013;El-Boshy et al 2014;Isnansetyo et al 2016;Prabu et al 2016).…”