Immunology of scorpion toxins and perspectives for generation of anti-venom vaccines

Gazarian, Karlen; Gazarian, Tatiana; Hernández, Roberto; Possani, Lourival D.

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.12.027

Cited by 50 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Scorpion poisoning is a life-threatening emergency and causes serious health problems in tropical and subtropical regions, especially in north Africa, Latin America, India, and the middle East. Clinical reports of victims stung by scorpions describe cardiac dysfunction and respiratory failure that can be fatal 2,17,26,34 . Different approaches to the treatment of scorpion poisoning have been advocated by different investigators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion stings in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004

Cesaretli¹,

Özkan²

2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe most important health-threatening scorpions found in Turkey are; Androctonus crassicauda, Leiurus quinquestriatus, Mesobuthus gibbosus and M. eupeus species, all of which belong to the Buthidae family. The epidemiological and clinical findings of scorpion stings in Turkey were evaluated between the years 1995 and 2004 based on data recorded in the National Poison Information Center (NPIC). A total of 930 cases were recorded. The cases mostly occurred in the month of July. The gender distribution was 50.22% female and 45.48% male. It was shown that the 20-29 age group presented more scorpion stings. Most of the stings occurred in Central Anatolia and Marmara regions of Turkey. Patients at the hospital showed signs of localized (pain, hyperemia, edema and numbness) and systemic effects (hyperthermia, nausea and vomiting, tachycardia, shivering and lethargy) but no lethality was notified. According to records, 33% of the poisoned patients were treated with antivenin in healthcare facilities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scorpion stings in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004

Cesaretli¹,

Özkan²

2010

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…CII9, another peptide with a CSαβ motif isolated from Centruroides limpidus Karsch, can partially inhibit sodium ion currents from superior cervical ganglion neurons of rats (Dehesa-Davila et al, 1996;Possani et al, 1999). In the rat model, CII9 also exerts a depressant effect on the behavior and electroencephalographic activity and antagonizes the epileptiform activity induced by penicillin (Dehesa-Davila et al, 1996;Gazarian et al, 2005;Possani et al, 1999).…”

Section: Scorpion Venom: Traditional Remediesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Engineering of CSαβ Motif for Biomedical Application

Yang¹

2012

Biomedical Science, Engineering and Technology

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“…These venoms contain short and long chain neurotoxic peptides associated with mucopolysaccharides and small amounts of hyaluronidase and other peptides [1]. The most toxic components of scorpion venom are neurotoxins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathophysiological Effect and Immuno-Inflammatory Response Induced by Kaliotoxin of <b><i>Androctonus</i></b> Scorpion Venom

Ladjel-Mendil

Martin‐Eauclaire

Laraba-Djebari

2012

Neuroimmunomodulation

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Objective: Kaliotoxin (KTX) is a neurotoxin purified from Androctonus scorpion venom. Purification and pharmacological and immunological characterization of this neurotoxin has been extensively studied, but its biological effects have not. The ability of KTX to induce neuropathophysiological and immuno-inflammatory effects was investigated. Methods: NMRI mice were injected with a sublethal dose of KTX (20 ng/20 g of body weight) or saline solution via the intra-cerebro-ventricular route. Tissue damage and immunological biomarkers such as eosinophil peroxidase (EPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and nitric oxide (NO) were analyzed in serum, brain, lung, and heart tissue. Protein levels, LDH, and CPK activities were also determined in serum 24 h after injection. Results: In this study, KTX injection induced severe alterations in the cerebral cortex, myocardium, and pulmonary parenchyma. Tissue damage was correlated with seric increase in creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. KTX also induced an immuno-inflammatory response distinguished by cell infiltration characterized by a significant increase in EPO and MPO activities in the brain, heart, and lungs. This infiltration was also associated with an increase in albumin, α-, β-, and γ-globulin fractions, and NO release. Conclusion: KTX binding to its targets in CNS (Kv1.1 and Kv1.3 channels) may induce severe modifications in the structure and function of various organs associated with the activation of immuno-inflammatory reactions.

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Immunology of scorpion toxins and perspectives for generation of anti-venom vaccines

Cited by 50 publications

References 79 publications

Scorpion stings in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004

Scorpion stings in Turkey: epidemiological and clinical aspects between the years 1995 and 2004

Development and Engineering of CSαβ Motif for Biomedical Application

Neuropathophysiological Effect and Immuno-Inflammatory Response Induced by Kaliotoxin of <b><i>Androctonus</i></b> Scorpion Venom

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