Immunological evaluation of the mycotoxin patulin in female b6C3F1 mice

Llewellyn, Gerald C.; McCay, J. A.; Brown, R. D.; Musgrove, D. L.; Butterworth, Leon; Munson, Albert E.; White, Kimber L.

doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(98)00084-2

Cited by 59 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The dose was chosen based on extrapolation from estimated exposure levels for humans. 16 The rats in the first treatment group (P-60) were given 0.1 mg kg À1 bw day À1 patulin for 60 days. 17 One of the control groups was the corresponding control group for 60 days (C-60).…”

Section: Experimental Design and Morphological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Gül

Özsoy

Osmanağaoğlu

et al. 2005

Cell Biochemistry & Function

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patulin is a mycotoxin that is produced by species of Penicillum, Aspergillus, and Byssochylamys molds that may grow on a variety of foods including fruit, grains and cheese. Patulin, at a dose of 0.1 mg kg(-1) bw day(-1) was administered orally to growing male rats aged 5-6 weeks for a period of 60 or 90 days. The dose of patulin used in the present study was based on estimated human exposure levels. At the end of these periods, the thymus glands of patulin-treated and control Wistar rats were removed and ultrastructural changes in capillary cells of the thymus of patulin-treated Wistar rats were determined by electron microscopy. The walls of thymus capillaries of the 60-day patulin-treated rat groups (P-60) exhibited degeneration observable in electron microscopic sections. For example, loss of cytoplasm and mitochondrial cristae of cells, swollen endothelial cells, increased thickness of the basement membrane, closed lumen of capillaries, accumulation of fibrous material at the periphery of the capillaries and nuclear anomalies were seen in these sections. Such degeneration and changes were also observed in sections of capillaries of the 90-day patulin-treated rat groups (P-90). The levels of degeneration of endothelial cell nucleus of P-90 were greater than those of P-60. This study demonstrated the ultrastructural degeneration of thymus capillary cells of patulin-treated rats. The results obtained from this study may provide a guide to research dealing with the toxic effects of patulin on tissue and organ ultrastructure.

show abstract

Section: Experimental Design and Morphological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Gül

Özsoy

Osmanağaoğlu

et al. 2005

Cell Biochemistry & Function

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Llewellyn et al (16) reported similar fi ndings with female B6C3F 1 mice exposed to different doses of patulin for 28 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Patulin was prepared afresh every week; it was dissolved in sterile water and stored in dark at +4 °C. The dose was extrapolated from estimated exposure levels for humans (16) and is 1000 times above the estimated 90 th percentile of human intake (17) to provide an adequate margin of safety. Control rats received equal volumes of sterile water by gavage.…”

Section: Experimental Design and Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Koçkaya

Selmanoğlu

Özsoy

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by several Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssachlamys species growing on food products. In this study, we investigated the effects of patulin on the thymus of growing male rats aged fi ve to six weeks. The rats were receiving it orally at a dose of 0.1 mg kg -1 bw a day for either 60 or 90 days. At the end of the experiment, the thymus was examined for histopathology by light microscopy and for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) by immunolocalisation. For morphometry we used the Bs200prop program to analyse images obtained with the Olympus BX51 light microscope. Cell ultrastructure was studied by electron microscopy. In rats treated with patulin, the thymus showed haemorrhage, plasma cell hyperplasia, a dilation and fi brosis in the cortex, enlarged interstitial tissue between the thymic lobules, enlarged fat tissue, thinning of the cortex, and blurring of the cortico-medullary demarcation. Electron microscopy showed signs of cell destruction, abnormalities of the nucleus and organelles, and loss of mitochondrial cristae. However, no differences were observed in thymus EGF and EGFR immunoreactivity between treated and control rats.

show abstract

“…The chosen dosage is based on extrapolation from estimated exposure levels for humans as described by Llewellyn et al (1998).…”

Section: Preclinical Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the effect ofK. alvareziion antioxidant enzymes, cell viability and DNA damage in male rats

Nagarani

Kumaraguru

2012

Frontiers in Life Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In recent years, a significant number of novel metabolites with potent pharmacological properties (antioxidant, antitumor, anti-HIV) have been discovered from marine organisms. Kappaphycus alvarezii (Doty) is a marine alga belonging to order: Gigartinales and family: Solieriaceae. It has been invasive in the Gulf of Mannar since 2000, and has a high content of the steroid phenol. This is the first report on its antioxidant properties using an animal model. This study aimed to explore the antioxidant and antigenotoxic/protective role of K. alvarezii growing in southeast coast of India in the male rat. The findings indicate that an extract of K. alvarezii is not nephrotoxic at the dose levels. The algal antioxidant activity shows similar correlation (89%; R 2 = 0.8963) at varying temperature to the known antioxidant. K. alvarezii extracts exhibit significant protective effects against DNA damage induced by H 2 O 2 , which might be related to antioxidant activity. In conclusion, our results suggest that long-term daily administration of K. alvarezii extract offers enhanced antioxidant potential and protection against tissue lipid peroxidation and cell damage. Our results support the use of K. alvarezii in the food and pharmaceutical industries.

show abstract

Immunological evaluation of the mycotoxin patulin in female b6C3F1 mice

Cited by 59 publications

References 18 publications

Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Investigation of the effect ofK. alvareziion antioxidant enzymes, cell viability and DNA damage in male rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About