Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Gül, Nursel; Özsoy, Nesrin; Osmanağaoğlu, Özlem; Selmanoğlu, Güldeniz; Koçkaya, E. Arzu

doi:10.1002/cbf.1263

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It is still unclear what role cellular organelles play in this process, but investigation of thymus cell ultrastructure may help. Earlier ultrastructural studies in patulin-treated rats showed degeneration of thymus capillary walls (34), apoptotic body formation, and cell apoptosis in interdigitating dendritic cells (35). Our study, too, suggests that T cell anomalies in patulin-treated rats lead to apoptosis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Koçkaya

Selmanoğlu

Özsoy

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by several Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssachlamys species growing on food products. In this study, we investigated the effects of patulin on the thymus of growing male rats aged fi ve to six weeks. The rats were receiving it orally at a dose of 0.1 mg kg -1 bw a day for either 60 or 90 days. At the end of the experiment, the thymus was examined for histopathology by light microscopy and for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) by immunolocalisation. For morphometry we used the Bs200prop program to analyse images obtained with the Olympus BX51 light microscope. Cell ultrastructure was studied by electron microscopy. In rats treated with patulin, the thymus showed haemorrhage, plasma cell hyperplasia, a dilation and fi brosis in the cortex, enlarged interstitial tissue between the thymic lobules, enlarged fat tissue, thinning of the cortex, and blurring of the cortico-medullary demarcation. Electron microscopy showed signs of cell destruction, abnormalities of the nucleus and organelles, and loss of mitochondrial cristae. However, no differences were observed in thymus EGF and EGFR immunoreactivity between treated and control rats.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Koçkaya

Selmanoğlu

Özsoy

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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“…76 This group also showed the loss of the cytoplasm and mitochondrial cristae of cells, swollen endothelial cells, increased thickness of the basement membrane, closed lumen of capillaries, accumulation of the fibrous material at the periphery of the capillaries and nuclear anomalies in the walls of thymus capillaries. 77 PAT exposure leads to the reduced expression of IL-4, IL-13, IFN-gamma, IL-10 and intracellular GSH depletion in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 78 Patulin induced organ toxicity…”

Section: Immunotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Toxicological effects of patulin mycotoxin on the mammalian system: an overview

Pal

Singh

Ansari

2017

Toxicology Research

112

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The mycotoxin PAT (4-hydroxy-4-furo[3,2]pyran-2[6]-one) is a secondary metabolic product of molds such as ,, and species. PAT is a common contaminant of fruit and vegetable based products, most notably apples. Despite PAT's original discovery as an antibiotic, it has come under heavy scrutiny for its potential to impart negative health effects. Studies investigating these health effects have proved its toxic potential. PAT occurrence in the food commodities poses a serious threat and necessitates novel and cost-effective mitigation methods to remove it from food products. It also creates a demand to improve handling and food processing techniques. With this being the case, several studies have been devoted to understanding the key biological and chemical attributes of PAT. While past research has elucidated a great deal, PAT contamination continues to be a challenge for the food industry. Here, we review its influence within the mammalian system, including its regulation, incidences of experimental evidence of PAT toxicity, its interaction with intracellular components, and the effects of PAT induced systemic toxicity on vital organs. Finally, key areas where future PAT research should focus to best control the PAT contamination problem within the food industry have been addressed.

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“…At relatively high doses, it is actually toxic causing inflammation, ulceration, hemorrhage and have genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic effects (Kawauchiya et al, 2011; Mahfoud et al, 2002). In addition to the immunotoxic effects (Escoula et al, 1988; Gül et al, 2006), it exhibits neurotoxic effects (World Health Organization, 1995) depending on the administered dose level. Based on a nitric oxide (NO) observable effect level (NOEL), the established maximum recommended concentration is 50 μg/L of patulin in apple juice, whereas the joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (WHO) expert committee on food additives (JEFCA) established a provisional maximum tolerable daily intake of 0.4 μg/kg body weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patulin in apple juice and its risk assessments on albino mice

Al-Hazmi

2012

Toxicol Ind Health

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The contamination of apple juice with patulin mycotoxin is a major risk factor in food safety. This study focuses to assess the biochemical and histopathological effects of patulin in apple juice samples collected from different outlets retailing in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. On the basis of the selected dose level, 152.5 ppb patulin/ml was administered daily orally for up to 6 weeks to male albino mice. The exposure to contaminated samples revealed significant elevation of all the studied blood parameters (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities as well as creatinine, urea and uric acid contents). On the other hand, and with regard to the accumulated neuronal toxicity of the tested dose level, the toxic signs were recorded as significant increase in the aggressive and locomotor behavioral changes. In addition, the brain areas monoamines concentration revealed variable increased changes. The potential maximal changes in norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin5-hydroxytryptamine levels attained in cortex, hypothalamus, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain and pons and medulla were assessed. Moreover, the histological examination revealed degeneration and necrosis in liver tissues and degenerated glomeruli and hemorrhage between the tubules of the cortical region in kidney tissues. The study declared that patulin-contaminated (152.5 ppb) apple juice exhibited liver, kidney and neurotoxicological effects in 6 weeks orally administered mice.

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Effects of patulin on thymus capillary of rats

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Evaluation of Patulin Toxicity in the Thymus of Growing Male Rats

Toxicological effects of patulin mycotoxin on the mammalian system: an overview

Patulin in apple juice and its risk assessments on albino mice

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