Immunological Evaluation of Psoriatic Patients In Erbil City/Iraq

Abstract

Psoriasis is a common skin disease with extracutaneous manifestations. It is characterized by chronic inflammation of the skin with changes in the maturation of keratinocytes (KCs), which manifested by the hyperproliferation of the epidermis. It is mediated by T lymphocytes, multigenic and environmental factors (Scarpa et al., 2010). The Hyper-proliferation of epidermal KCs in psoriasis patients is driven by cytokines secreted from activated resident immune cells, an infiltrate of T cells, dendritic cells and other cells of the innate immune system, as well as the KCs themselves (Baliwag et al., 2015). Different factors including infections, trauma, medications and emotional stress can activate KCs to release cytokines such as interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) which in turn initiate the activation of resident