Immunohistological analysis of neurturin and its receptors in human cochlea

Studies on the formation of neuronal structures of the human cochlea are rare, presumptively, due to the difficult accessibility of specimens, so that most investigations are performed on mouse models. By means of immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopic techniques, we investigated an uninterrupted series of unique specimens from gestational week 8 to week 12. We were able to demonstrate the presence of nerve fibers in the prosensory domain at gestational week 8, followed by afferent synaptogenesis at week 11. We identified PAX2 as an early marker for hair cell differentiation. Glutamine synthetase-positive peripheral glial cells occurred at the beginning of week 8. Transcription factor MAF B was used to demonstrate maturation of the spiral ganglion neurons. The early expression of tyrosine hydroxylase could be assessed. This study provides insights in the early assembly of the neural circuit and organization in humans.

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Development of the innervation of the human inner ear

Pechriggl

Bitsche

Glueckert

et al. 2014

Developmental Neurobiology

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Possible role of gap junction intercellular channels and connexin 43 in satellite glial cells (SGCs) for preservation of human spiral ganglion neurons

et al. 2013

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Human spiral ganglion (SG) neurons show remarkable survival properties and maintain electric excitability for a long time after complete deafness and even separation from the organ of Corti, features essential for cochlear implantation. Here, we analyze and compare the localization and distribution of gap junction (GJ) intercellular channels and connexin 43 (Cx43) in cells surrounding SG cell bodies in man and guinea pig by using transmission electron microscopy and confocal immunohistochemistry. GJs and Cx43 expression has been recognized in satellite glial cells (SGCs) in non-myelinating sensory ganglia including the human SG. In man, SG neurons can survive as mono-polar or “amputated” cells with unbroken central projections following dendrite degeneration and consolidation of the dendrite pole. Cx43-mediated GJ signaling between SGCs is believed to play a key role in this “healing” process and could explain the unique preservation of human SG neurons and the persistence of cochlear implant function.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00441-013-1735-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Morphological Study of Surgically Obtained Human Cochlear Specimens - Technical Aspects

2014

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Immunohistological analysis of neurturin and its receptors in human cochlea

Cited by 4 publications

References 33 publications

Development of the innervation of the human inner ear

Development of the innervation of the human inner ear

Possible role of gap junction intercellular channels and connexin 43 in satellite glial cells (SGCs) for preservation of human spiral ganglion neurons

Morphological Study of Surgically Obtained Human Cochlear Specimens - Technical Aspects

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