Immunohistochemistry in Kaposiâs sarcoma

Pantanowitz, Liron; Otis, Christopher N.; Dezube, Bruce J.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2009.03707.x

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Clinicians have long distinguished plaque, patch, and nodular KS lesions. Pathologists have long distinguished plaque, patch, and nodular histological stages (33, 34), though the histology does not always correspond to the clinical notation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Hosseinipour

Sweet

Xiong

et al. 2014

mBio

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Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), caused by KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), is the most common cancer among HIV-infected patients in Malawi and in the United States today. In Malawi, KSHV is endemic. We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with HIV infection and KS with no history of chemo- or antiretroviral therapy (ART). Seventy patients were enrolled. Eighty-one percent had T1 (advanced) KS. Median CD4 and HIV RNA levels were 181 cells/mm3 and 138,641 copies/ml, respectively. We had complete information and suitable plasma and biopsy samples for 66 patients. For 59/66 (89%) patients, a detectable KSHV load was found in plasma (median, 2,291 copies/ml; interquartile range [IQR], 741 to 5,623). We utilized a novel KSHV real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) array with multiple primers per open reading frame to examine KSHV transcription. Seventeen samples exhibited only minimal levels of KSHV mRNAs, presumably due to the limited number of infected cells. For all other biopsy samples, the viral latency locus (LANA, vCyc, vFLIP, kaposin, and microRNAs [miRNAs]) was transcribed abundantly, as was K15 mRNA. We could identify two subtypes of treatment-naive KS: lesions that transcribed viral RNAs across the length of the viral genome and lesions that displayed only limited transcription restricted to the latency locus. This finding demonstrates for the first time the existence of multiple subtypes of KS lesions in HIV- and KS-treatment naive patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Hosseinipour

Sweet

Xiong

et al. 2014

mBio

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“…The performance of immunohistochemistry and immunohistochemical reactivity for CD31, CD34, D2-40 and FLI1 [ 4 ] [ 22 ], is of crucial importance for determining the diagnosis. The results of the immunohistochemistry and the sensitivity for these markers were found to be the same in AIDS-related and non-AIDS-related KS, as well as between the nodular-and patch/plaque-stage KS [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical picture and the standard histology are not always sufficient for Kaposi’s sarcoma to be as precise as possible distinguished from some other diseases [ 3 ]. In these cases, the conduct of an immunohistochemical study to determine the correct diagnosis is of paramount importance [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Series of Patients with Kaposi Sarcoma (Mediterranean/Classical Type): Case Presentations and Short Update on Pathogenesis and Treatment

Temelkova¹,

Tronnier²,

Terziev³

et al. 2018

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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BACKGROUND:Kaposi’s sarcoma was first described in 1872 by Moritz Kaposi. To date, it is considered a malignant disease is originating from the endothelial cells of the lymphatic vessels believed to be infected with HHV-8. The current classification defines four major epidemiological forms of Kaposi’s sarcoma: classical, endemic, AIDS-associated, and iatrogenic.CASE REPORT:A 90-year-old male is presented with multiple plaques- and tumour-shaped brown-violet formations located on an erythematous-livid base in the area of both feet and both shanks. Two samples were taken from the lesions on the skin of the shanks, with histopathological examination and the subsequent immunohistochemistry showing Kaposi’s sarcoma.CONCLUSIONS:Kaposi sarcoma is a disease that causes difficulties both in diagnostic and therapeutic respect. The only sure way to determine the correct diagnosis is immunohistochemical staining with the anti-HHV8 antibody. Despite the wide range of systematic and local treatment options, there is still no unified algorithm and a unified strategy for the treatment of Kaposi’s sarcoma.

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“…Pyogenic granuloma-like KS is marked by the proliferation of well-formed capillaries organized in lobules with an epidermal collarette, with no solid aggregate of fusiform cells, although the positivity of the HHV-8 provides the diagnosis in cases where doubt may exist. 19 The value of IHC is also seen in superficial biopsies of ulcerated KS, which display an inflamed granulation tissue with the imprisoning of positive fusiform HHV-8 cells. Angiomatous areas of KS lesions may be confused with hemangiomas in superficial biopsies and the anaplastic KS can be confused with angiosarcoma for its capability to invade the subcutaneous tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunohistochemical detection of the latent nuclear antigen-1 of the human herpesvirus type 8 to differentiate cutaneous epidemic Kaposi sarcoma and its histological simulators

Pereira

Cuzzi

Galhardo

2013

An. Bras. Dermatol.

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Kaposi's sarcoma is the most common neoplasia diagnosed in AIDS patients and the expression of the human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) latent nuclear antigen-1 has been useful for its histological diagnosis. The aim of this study is to confirm that immunohistochemistry is a valuable tool for differentiating KS from its simulators in skin biopsies of HIV patients. Immunohistochemical and histological analyses were performed in 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and 60 of its histological simulators. Positivity was present in the 49 Kaposi's sarcoma skin biopsies and no staining was observed in the 60 simulators analyzed, resulting in sensibility and specificity of 100%. HHV-8 immunohistochemical detection is an effective tool for diagnosing Kaposi's sarcoma, especially in early lesions in which neoplastic features are not evident. It also contributes to its histological differential diagnosis.

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Immunohistochemistry in Kaposiâs sarcoma

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

A Series of Patients with Kaposi Sarcoma (Mediterranean/Classical Type): Case Presentations and Short Update on Pathogenesis and Treatment

Immunohistochemical detection of the latent nuclear antigen-1 of the human herpesvirus type 8 to differentiate cutaneous epidemic Kaposi sarcoma and its histological simulators

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Immunohistochemistry in Kaposiâs sarcoma

Cited by 33 publications

References 26 publications

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

Viral Profiling Identifies Multiple Subtypes of Kaposi’s Sarcoma

A Series of Patients with Kaposi Sarcoma (Mediterranean/Classical Type): Case Presentations and Short Update on Pathogenesis and Treatment

Immunohistochemical detection of the latent nuclear antigen-1 of the human herpesvirus type 8 to differentiate cutaneous epidemic Kaposi sarcoma and its histological simulators

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Immunohistochemistry in Kaposiâs sarcoma