Immunohistochemical localization of S100‐like protein in non‐mammalian kidney

Abstract

The immunolocalization of S100-like protein was investigated in the kidney of saltwater fishes (Dicentrarchus labrax; Coris julis; Serranus cabrilla; Scorpaena porcus), amphibia (Rana aesculenta), reptiles (Lacerta viridis), and aves (Gallus domesticus; Strutio camelus). S100-like immunoreactivity was detected in the juxtaglomerular cells of all saltwater fishes studied. No immunoreactivity was observed in other tracts of the nephron or in the interstitial tissue. In frog kidney, S100-like immunoreactive cells were localized in the proximal tubule, singly distributed or placed side by side in clusters of two or three cells. S100-like immunoreactive cells were distributed in the distal and in the collecting tubules in lizard, chicken, and ostrich kidney. In the distal tubule of lizard kidney, S100-like immunoreactive cells were numerous and uniformly distributed. In lizard collecting tubules, S100-like immunoreactive cells showed less intense immunoreactivity than in the distal tubule, except for a cluster of cells at the junction with the initial collecting duct. In chicken and ostrich kidney, S100-like immunoreactive cells of the distal tubules were closely packed together. In the collecting tubules, S100-like immunoreactive cells were alternate to negative cells. These results indicate the high conservation degree of S100 proteins through phylogenesis and suggest a functional role for these proteins in the vertebrate kidney.

Distribution of NGF and NT‐3‐like protein immunoreactivity in the teleost kidney

“…Moreover, the S100 protein IR is colocalized with both neurotrophins showing the same distribution pattern. On the basis of teleost JG cell distribution and their morphological characteristics (Krishnamurty and Bern, 1969), our findings in this report are in agreement with our previous studies (de Girolamo et al, 2000aGirolamo et al, , 2003 that NGF IC and NT-3 IC of goldfish and scorpionfish kidney can be identified as JG cells. These cells correspond to JG cells of higher vertebrates (Elger et al, 1984) that are modified granulated vascular smooth muscle cells, located in the tunica media of preglomerular arterial vessels and are capable of synthesizing renin (Bulger and Trump, 1969;Christensen et al, 1987;Kobayashi and Takei, 1996;Mizogami et al, 1968;Oguri, 1980).…”

“…These cells correspond to JG cells of higher vertebrates (Elger et al, 1984) that are modified granulated vascular smooth muscle cells, located in the tunica media of preglomerular arterial vessels and are capable of synthesizing renin (Bulger and Trump, 1969;Christensen et al, 1987;Kobayashi and Takei, 1996;Mizogami et al, 1968;Oguri, 1980). Our previous localization of NGF receptors and NT-3 receptors in distal and collecting tubules of both goldfish and scorpionfish kidney (de Girolamo et al, 2003) suggests an involvement of NGF-like and NT-3-like proteins in the multiple cellular processes of the late distal nephron of freshwater and marine fish kidney. This assumption is supported by recent biochemical and physiological demonstrations in rat renal tubule (medullary thick ascending limb) cells concerning a direct role of NGF and NT-3 in the epithelial ion transport through different signal transduction mechanisms (Good and George, 2001;Watt et al, 1999).…”

“…A IR staining pattern similar to that for NGF and NT-3 was obtained utilizing S100 antibody as juxtaglomerular cell marker (de Girolamo et al, 2000a(de Girolamo et al, , 2003. Moreover, indirect immunofluorescence reactions gave a staining pattern that was superimposable on the immunohistochemical one.…”

“…Then, sections were incubated with the primary antibody diluted 1:30 in 1:5 normal goat serum for 24 hours at 48C. A rabbit polyclonal antibody to S-100 protein (1:20; Signet, Dedham, MA; 119-01) was also used as specific marker for juxtaglomerular (JG) cells (de Girolamo et al, 2000a(de Girolamo et al, , 2003.…”

S100, CD68, and MHC class II molecule expression in cervical high- and low-grade HPV-induced lesions

“…Cases of productive infection may involve clinical (Condyloma acuminatum, invasive carcinoma) or subclinical manifestations (high-or low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) 3 . Immunodeficiency is associated with low numbers of Langerhans cells and the presence of HPV-induced lesions 4,5 . The presence of antigenpresenting cells (APC), like Langerhans cells and macrophages, and the activity of such cells by major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecule expression at the early stages of infection are therefore important factors for disease resolution.…”