Immunohistochemical examination of effects of kefir, koumiss and commercial probiotic capsules on platelet derived growth factor-c and platelet derived growth factor receptor-alpha expression in mouse liver and kidney

Abstract

We investigated using immunohistochemistry the effects of kefir, koumiss and commercial probiotic capsules on the expression of platelet derived growth factor-c (PDGF-C) and platelet derived growth factor receptor-alpha (PDGFR-α) in mouse liver and kidney. Mice were assigned to four groups: group 1 was given commercial probiotic capsules, group 2 was given kefir, group 3 was given koumiss and group 4 was untreated. After oral administration for 15 days, body weights were recorded and liver and kidney tissue samples were obtained. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to examine histology. PDGF-C and PDGFR-α in liver and kidney were localized using the streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex method (ABC). We found that the weights of the mice in the kefir, koumiss and commercial probiotic capsules groups increased compared to the control group. No differences in liver and kidney histology were observed in any of the experimental groups. Kefir, koumiss and the commercial probiotic preparation increased PDGF-C and PDGFR-α expression.

Bacterial composition and function during fermentation of Mongolia koumiss

“…Koumiss, also called Airag, or Chige is a spontaneously fermented mares’ milk beverage that is very popular in Central Asia; it is thought to be of Huno‐Bulgar, Turkic and Mongol origin and has been drunk habitually since ancient times (Sudun et al., 2013 ). Koumiss can be mildly alcoholic, but would need to be consumed in enormous quantities to have any noticeable effects (Bakir et al., 2015 ; Jagielski, 1874 ). It is produced using traditional method sandan indigenous starter culture (i.e., previously made koumiss) containing lactic acid bacteria (LAB), yeast, and other organisms associated with fermentation (Mu et al., 2012 ; Sun, Liu, Zhang, Yu, Gao, et al., 2010 ; Watanabe et al., 2008 ; Wu et al., 2009 ).…”

Does probiotic Kefir reduce dyslipidemia, hematological disorders and oxidative stress induced by zearalenone toxicity in wistar rats?

“…Similar results reported an 18% decrease in body weight of rats exposed to ZEA (20 mg/kg b. w.) for 6 weeks, which was prevented by silymarin supplementation at 100 mg/kg b. w. ( Gao et al, 2018 ). As shown beforehand, oral administration of Kefir for 2 weeks significantly increased the body weight ( Bakir et al, 2015 ). This may be due to the role of Kefir in improving the gastrointestinal microbiota, which implicated in nutrients decomposition and provided additional vitamins, enzymes, and amino acids to the rat.…”

Nutritional ingredients and prevention of chronic diseases by fermented koumiss: a comprehensive review

“…Consuming koumiss probiotics has been shown to increase the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/β/δ (PPAR-α/β/δ) in mice kidney proximal tubule cells, thereby enhancing immune responses ( 38 , 39 ). Among them, fatty acids β-oxidation (FAO) in renal proximal tubules is promoted by high-expression of PPAR-α in acute kidney injury (AKI) disease induced by cisplatin (CP) or ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).…”