Immunohistochemical evaluation of matrix molecules associated with wound healing following treatment with an enamel matrix protein derivative in humans

Abstract

Application of enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) onto a debrided and conditioned root surface has been shown to promote periodontal regeneration in animals and humans. However, until now there is virtually no information from humans describing the expression of different matrix molecules in the newly formed periodontal tissues following treatment with EMD. This study investigated immunohistochemically in humans the expression of matrix molecules associated with periodontal tissues reformed after treatment with EMD. Eight patients with intrabony defects were treated with EMD. Six months after surgery teeth together with some of their surrounding soft and hard tissues were removed, fixed in buffered formalin, decalcified in EDTA, and embedded in paraffin. Serial sections of 6 micro m were cut in mesiodistal direction. Sections were evaluated immunohistochemically by means of polyclonal antibodies against osteopontin, collagen I and collagen III. The original (non-treated) parts of the periodontium served as controls. In all specimens the healing resulted to a varying extent in formation of cementum, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. In all specimens the expression of the investigated matrix molecules was stronger at the reformed than at the original sites. Osteopontin expression was most intense at the border near the newly formed cementum and bone. In the regenerated periodontal ligament, collagen I and III were localized throughout the entire periodontal ligament connective tissue. Within the newly formed PDL connective tissue the immunohistochemical staining appeared stronger for collagen III than for collagen I. The present findings suggest that (a) treatment of human intrabony defects with EMD creates an environment favourable for periodontal regeneration and, (b) in humans the healing and/or remodelling process of the reformed tissues may be followed immunohistochemically for a period of 6 months.

Effect of pERK2 on extracellular matrix turnover of the fibrotic joint capsule in a post-traumatic joint contracture model

“…In contrast to total collagen and collagen I, staining for collagen III was more intense in the control capsules, which is in agreement with the results of the study by Matsumoto et al (20). These results demonstrate a mechanism of contracture tissue formation that differs from that of wound healing, with increased levels of collagen type III (21,22). Similar to total collagen and collagen I, the levels of MMP-13 and MMP-1 were increased in the capsule of the ORC group compared with the CON group in the present study.…”

“…By contrast, TIMP-13 was decreased in the control capsules compared with the contracted capsules. This high matrix turnover of joint capsule in the fibrotic joint capsule has also been reported in previous studies (21,22). An increase of pERK2 in rats with trauma-induced joint capsule fibrosis was observed in the present study, which may be responsible for these pathological alterations.…”

Pre-clinical Models for Oral and Periodontal Reconstructive Therapies

“…A variety of defect configurations has been surgically created in non-human primate dentitions, including palatal dehiscence (Laurell et al, 2006) and intrabony (Sculean et al, 1997(Sculean et al, , 2002, Class II-III furcation (Ripamonti et al, 2001;Hovey et al, 2006), and fenestration lesions (Sculean et al, 2000a(Sculean et al, , 2001. Fenestration defects typically heal spontaneously, due to the residual periodontal tissues whereby mesenchymal progenitor cells can easily repopulate the defect.…”

Effect of enamel matrix proteins on the treatment of intrabony defects: a split-mouth randomized controlled trial study

“…Histological studies in animals have shown that a new layer of cementum with inserting fibers and new alveolar bone were formed when EMP was applied to a debrided and conditioned root surface. 5,15 These positive results in animals 17 were later confirmed by histological findings in humans 15 and by clinical improvement observed in controlled clinical trials. 3,7,8,10,13,19 Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the results of periodontal clinical parameters after treatment of intrabony defects with open flap debridement (OFP) combined or not with enamel matrix protein (EMP).…”