Immunohistochemical and molecular biomarkers in Coris julis exposed to environmental contaminants

A protocol for identifying suitable biomarkers to assess fish health: A systematic review

“…Two studies using real-time PCR assays of samples from gonads, skin or liver did not observe a response when fish were exposed to contaminated sediment [86, 94]. In contrast, two other studies using real-time PCR saw upregulation of HSP70 in liver or gills of fish exposed to contaminated sediments, which was confirmed using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridisation [104, 129]. This indicates the suitability of all these methods to asses HSP70 activity.…”

“…This indicates the suitability of all these methods to asses HSP70 activity. In five of the eight studies HSP70 activity was upregulated, with four assessing the response of fish to contaminated sediment and one examining the response after fish had been exposed to Cd [104, 129–132]. This suggest that this biomarker is suitable for Gladstone Harbour, but further field studies are required to validate its use given the reported seasonal variation in HSP70 activity [133], in combination with the strong influence of climate on HSP70 [5].…”

Developmental abnormalities and neurotoxicological effects of CuO NPs on the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula by embryotoxicity assay

“…In sea urchin larvae the process of neurogenesis is similar to that of chordates , although they possess the serotonergic and peptidergic systems in addition to the cholinergic nervous system. Serotonin is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in invertebrates (Cappello et al, , 2015Carroll and Catapane, 2007;Ciacci et al, 2012) and lower vertebrates (De Domenico et al, 2013;Fasulo et al, 2010bFasulo et al, , 2012Mauceri et al, 2005), and plays a similar role in echinoplutei (Gustafson et al, 1972). Serotonin is required during the early development of sea urchins since it regulates morphology and swimming function , and it is also responsible for growth and projection of serotonergic neurons (Bishop et al, 2013;Rubenstein, 1998;Yaguchi et al, 2006).…”

Biomarkers of environmental stress in gills of Pinna nobilis (Linnaeus 1758) from Balearic Island

“…The increase of persistent organic pollutants and metals in the seawater results in a serious concern to marine organisms causing several biological effects from molecular dysfunctions to ecological degradation depending on the time of exposure and concentration levels (De Domenico et al, 2013Fasulo et al, 2010aFasulo et al, , 2010bJebali et al, 2014). Aquatic organisms are potentially exposed to anthropogenic contaminants that may strongly affect their performance and survival.…”