Immunoglobulin producing cells in chickens immunized with Eimeria tenella gametocyte antigen vaccines

Abstract

ABSTRACT:The present paper reports on the IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies secreting cells (ASC) in the spleen of chickens vaccinated with E. tenella (local isolates) gametocyte vaccine(s) by using Enzyme Linked Immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Irrespective of the vaccine used, the number of IgG antibody secreting cells (ASC) in the spleen of orally vaccinated chickens was higher than the number of IgA and IgM ASC. Maximum numbers of IgG, IgA and IgM ASC were found in chickens vaccinated with sonicated gametocyte formalin inactivated vaccine (Group III) followed by formalin inactivated gametocytes (Group II) and gametocytes (Group I). The number of ASC (IgG, IgA and IgM) per 10 4 cells in spleen was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in Group III as compared to Group II and Group I. Results of the challenge experiments revealed maximum protection against mixed species of the genus Eimeria in Group III (77.8%) followed by Group II (55.6%) and Group I (52.0%). Lesion scoring was directly proportional to the per cent mortality and oocysts per gram of droppings but inversely proportional to the per cent protection. Based on the results, it was assumed that the spleen in chickens is one of the major sources of cells producing IgA, IgG and IgM antibodies. Keywords: Eimeria tenella; gametocytes; antibodies secreting cells; ELISPOTChickens infected with Eimeria species produce parasite-specific antibodies that are present in the systemic circulation and mucosal secretions (Lillehoj and Trout, 1996). Like in mammals, three principal classes of antibodies including IgM, IgA and IgG (IgY) are known in chickens (LebacqVerheyden et al., 1972). Upon exposure to Eimeria species, chickens produce all three classes of antibodies. The cells expressing E. tenella specific IgG have been detected in the lamina propria of the caeca and in the red pulp of the chicken spleen (Vervelde et al., 1992).The IgM secreting plasma cells in the lamina propria of the villi upon E. tenella infection have been detected (Jeurissen et al., 1989). An elevated level of IgA has been found in a tissue parasitized with E. tenella (Girard et al., 1997). The present paper reports on IgM, IgA and IgG antibody secreting cells in the spleen of chickens immunized with egg propagated E. tenella gametocyte vaccines. MATERIAL AND METHODS Ex-sporocystationSporulated oocysts of E. tenella (local isolates) maintained in Immunoparasitology Laboratory, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan were processed for excystation followed by exsporocystation to release sporozoites following the method of Speer et al. (1973). Briefly, purified sporulated oocysts were treated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite for 20 min followed by continuous stirring in a vessel containing sterilized glass beads (425-600 µm diameter) for 25 min on a magnetic stirrer. The excysted material was centrifuged (310 × g for 10 min), the supernatant was discarded to remove sodium hypochlorite and the sediment was given three washings with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The washed sporocysts were suspended in...

Field evaluation of Eimeria tenella (local isolates) gametocytes vaccine and its comparative efficacy with imported live vaccine, LivaCox®

“…2). These results are in contradiction to many other studies showing the inability of (Shirley 1989;Lillehoj 1998), though there are a few reports that indicate the cross-protection may exist within Eimeria species (Ayaz et al 2008;Hafeez et al 2006;Wallach et al 1995).…”

“…Antibody titres detected in LivaCox®-vaccinated group indicated somehow cross-antigenicity with the local isolates of E. tenella; as ELISA plates were coated with E. tenella gametocyte (local isolates) antigen. In our previous studies, higher IgA, IgG and IgM secreting splenic cells were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot assay in chicken immunized with gametocyte vaccine (Ayaz et al 2008). In the present study, gametocytes of E. tenella used as antigen contained proteins of high molecular weights including 49.23 and 27.65 kDa along with 24.90, 22.75 and 13.20 kDa (Anwar 2008).…”

Effect of Dietary <i>Bacillus Subtilis </i>C14 and RX7 Strains on Growth Performance, Blood Parameter, and Intestinal Microbiota in Broiler Chickens Challenged with <i>Salmonella Gallinarum</i>

“…Immune responses generated by endotoxins from invasive pathogenic strains are determined by a number of complex interactions, including factors such as immune cell interac- (Ayaz et al, 2008). Cytokines are also important in host defense, inflammatory response, and immune-mediated diseases.…”

“…Serum immunoglobulin levels have been determined routinely in clinical practice because they provide key information on humoral immune status of hosts. Infected chickens can produce three principal classes of antibodies: IgG, IgA, and IgM ( Ayaz et al , 2008 ). Cytokines are also important in host defense, inflammatory response, and immune-mediated diseases.…”

Effect of Using an Anticoccidial and a Prebiotic on Production Performances, Immunity Status and Coccidiosis in Broiler Chickens

“…The increase in Interferon gamma levels (IFN-γ, transcripted in the spleen and cecal tonsils) is particularly associated with protective immunity against coccidiosis (Yun et al, 2000;Lillehoj et al, 2004). Antibodies (IgA, IgG and IgM) production begins soon after natural infection or vaccination (with E. tenella antigen) especially in the spleen (Ayaz et al, 2008) with an effectual protection of intestinal mucosa and a significant diminution in clinical signs severity and mortality rates.…”