Immunoglobulin levels, immunodeficiency and HLA in Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Abstract

In 129 patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, 100 healthy control subjects and 91 non-diabetic first degree relatives of Type 1 patients, we investigated variation in serum IgA, IgG and IgM concentrations with sex and HLA-B phenotype. Two patients with onset before the age of 15 years were completely IgA-deficient. One additional patient was completely IgG-deficient. Excluding these three cases, diabetic patients had serum IgA and IgM concentrations comparable to control subjects. IgG levels of patients were, however, significantly lower than those of control subjects (11.66 versus 12.69 g/l, p = 0.003). Non-diabetic first degree relatives of patients had IgG levels intermediate between those of diabetic patients and control subjects. There was some indication that IgA concentrations were lower in the 53 patients with HLA-B8 (1.91 versus 2.21 g/l, p = 0.038). No association was found between IgM or IgG levels and HLA phenotypes.

Diabetes and Tuberculosis: The Study of Clinical-radiological Profile in Tertiary Care Hospital

“…The male to female ration was 4.4:1. Our study were supported by the study of Patel JC & Tripathy et al 13,14 . The high incidence of disease in male is possibly due to the fact that in most countries young men usually have more social & labor activities than women, thus favoring the Transmission of diseases.…”

Transient IgG subclass deficiencies in newly diagnosed diabetic children

“…Studies on immunoglobulin levels in diabetic children evaluated at different duration of disease have shown rather conflicting results [9,11,13,26]. KanakoudiTsakalidis et al [12] found transient hypogammaglobulinaemia in the early stages of juvenile diabetes.…”

“…IgG subclass deficiency has been also noted in connection with auto-immune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematous, and auto-immune cytopenias [4, 191 . Much evidence suggests that insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) is an auto-immune disease [2,7,8,10]. Conflicting abnormalities in immunoglobulin levels have been described in IDDM [9,11,12]. Follow up studies of Ig concentrations showed low levels of IgG, IgA, IgM at disease onset followed by a gradual normalization [12].…”

Selective IgA Deficiency and Autoimmunity

“…This observed frequency, however, did not significantly differ from that of the pediatric control population. In the second study [60], 2 of 129 diabetic pa tients (1.6%) had selective IgA deficiency; both patients were less than 15 years old. In the third study [61], 1 of 261 adult patients evaluated (0.4%) had IgA deficiency.…”