Immunoglobulin E in "Healed" Atopic Dermatitis and After Treatment With Corticosteroids and Azathioprine

Gunnar, S; Johansson, Ӧlle; Juhlin, Lennart

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb02185.x

Cited by 110 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Humoral immunity appears to be supported by glucocorticoid hormones, as evidenced by enhanced production of Immunoglobulins in the presence of glucocorticoids in vitro [10, 11, 12, 13]. Moreover, IgE synthesis by IL-4-stimulated human lymphocytes is markedly augmented by glucocorticoids [14], a phenomenon which also may occur in vivo [15, 16, 17, 18]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Effects of Corticosterone on Splenic T-Cell Activation: Critical Role of Cell Density and Culture Time

et al. 2001

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Glucocorticoids inhibit stimulus-induced T-cell proliferation, an early and essential parameter of cellular immunity. It was recently found however that physiological concentrations of glucocorticoids can also accelerate, not only inhibit, rat T-cell mitogenesis. We investigated mechanism(s) underlying mitogenic actions of glucocorticoids on anti-T-cell receptor (TCR)- and concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T-cell proliferation. Surprisingly, the ability of the glucocorticoid corticosterone (CORT) to either enhance or inhibit T-cell proliferation was found to depend primarily on the cell density and the timing of the cultures. At cell densities up to 1 × 10⁵ cells/well (i.e. ‘low’ density), CORT inhibited T-cell proliferation irrespective of the culture time. In contrast, at cell densities of 2 × 10⁵ cells/well and higher (‘high’ density), CORT potently stimulated T-cell mitogenesis during the first 2–3 culture days, but subsequently inhibited the proliferative response after 5–7 days. The glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU486 completely abolished the effects of CORT. However, production of the main T cell growth factor interleukin (IL)-2 was inhibited by CORT at both ‘low’ and ‘high’ cell densities. In addition, irrespective of cell density, T-cell mitogenesis under either control conditions or in presence of CORT was completely blocked by an anti-IL-2-receptor-α-chain (IL-2Rα) antibody, indicating that T-cell proliferation was dependent on the IL-2 pathway. Immunofluorescence staining of IL-2Rα on CD4+ cells after 2–3 days in culture was increased by CORT, but only on cells cultured at ‘high’ density. Thus, glucocorticoids increase T-cell responsiveness to IL-2 under conditions of ‘high’ cell density only. We conclude that glucocorticoids may contribute to a more efficient early stage of cellular immune responses under conditions of intimate cell-to-cell contact (i.e. ‘high’ cell density), a situation likely to be present in vivo, for instance in lymph nodes. Thus, these findings are relevant to our understanding of the glucocorticoid control of immune function.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional Effects of Corticosterone on Splenic T-Cell Activation: Critical Role of Cell Density and Culture Time

et al. 2001

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“…Today, several of these drugs arc also used as immunosuppressants in connexion with organ transplantation and in autoim mune diseases. They have also been tried in the treatment of eczema in man [11,20]. During the latter years much attention has been paid to cyclophosphamide, which has been shown to increase the intensity of ex perimental allergic contact eczema when ad ministered shortly before sensitization [9,14,23], One of the difficulties associated with the assessment of contact allergic skin reactions has been to establish a reliable scale that can be used for comparison of different re actions.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Skoog¹,

Groth²

1979

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The influence of cyclophosphamide on contact allergy was studied by a method based on the count of cells infiltrating epicutaneous test sites in sensitized guinea pigs. Cyclophosphamide was injected 72 h before sensitization with dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). On testing 2 weeks later, marked mononuclear cell infiltration and dramatic increase in the count of basophil polymorphonuclear cells in the upper corium were found, compared to the control group. Cell infiltration in tests performed 1 and 3 weeks after sensitization differed from the reaction after 2 weeks. When cyclophosphamide was given 72 h before testing done 2 weeks after sensitization, both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear counts were found to be greatly reduced. This in vivo method of assessing the degree and composition of cellular infiltration in a contact allergic reaction after different periods of time throws new light on the influence of drugs on a cell-mediated immune response and also the variation in response with time.

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“…Patients being treated with Zemaphyte did not show any reduction in total IgE in spite of a signif icant reduction in the extent o f their eczema as judged by scoring of erythema and surface damage. Other studies in patients with AE undergoing treatment with corticoste roids, azathioprine [25] and even interferon y [26] also fail to show an immediate fall in total serum IgE levels in spite of clinical improvement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Immunological Changes with Clinical Efficacy in Atopic Eczema Patients Treated with Traditional Chinese Herbal Therapy (Zemaphyte®)

Latchman¹,

Banerjee

Poulter

et al. 1996

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The efficacy of the Chinese herbal therapy (Zemaphyte®) has been well established as a treatment for atopic eczema (AE) in clinical trials. The purpose of this study was to probe the immunological changes that occurred when patients were treated with the herbs for a period of 8 weeks. This treatment decreased serum IgE complexes (p<0.05) but did not affect total serum IgE or CD23 expression on peripheral blood monocytes. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients before and after treatment were cultured overnight with interleukin 4 and the ability of this cytokine to induce CD23 on monocytes from treated patients was found to be signficantly diminished (p<0.01). Soluble interleukin 2 receptor and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule were both raised in the serum of AE patients compared to control individuals. Both these parameters were decreased following treatment (p<0.05). All these changes coincided with improvement in erythema and surface damage scores. There was no alteration in soluble intracellular adhesion molecule or soluble CD23. The results of these investigations would suggest that this herbal treatment has the ability to target various immunological parameters which may be involved in the pathogenesis of AE.

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Immunoglobulin E in "Healed" Atopic Dermatitis and After Treatment With Corticosteroids and Azathioprine

Cited by 110 publications

References 4 publications

Bidirectional Effects of Corticosterone on Splenic T-Cell Activation: Critical Role of Cell Density and Culture Time

Bidirectional Effects of Corticosterone on Splenic T-Cell Activation: Critical Role of Cell Density and Culture Time

Effect of Cyclophosphamide on the Cellular Infiltrate in Experimental Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Association of Immunological Changes with Clinical Efficacy in Atopic Eczema Patients Treated with Traditional Chinese Herbal Therapy (Zemaphyte®)

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