Immunogenicity of inactivated purified tissue culture vaccine against hepatitis A (HepAvac) assessed in laboratory rodents

Elbert, L. B.; Lisitzina, E.A.; Kusov, Yu. Yu.; Balayan, M. S.

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(92)90045-l

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is possible that the incubation time of 60 days was too short to allow the development of an antibody response measurable by the assays used. It is also possible that infection with higher doses of HAV might result in seroconversion, which was observed after inoculation with inactivated vaccine virus in high doses [Elbert et al, 1992], and more pronounced clinical symptoms. In this respect, the minimal subclinical reaction of guinea pigs to infection by HAV is similar to reactions of other experimental animals, such as the marmoset Callithrix jacchus [Baptista et al, 1993].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although different approaches were applied, anti-HAV antibodies in the serum of the animals inoculated with HAV could not be detected in the course of the experiment. Since guinea pigs inoculated several times with inactivated HAV vaccine produced anti-HAV antibodies [Elbert et al, 1992], it is possible that the low titer inocula used in the current study (10 5 TCID 50 /ml) did not result in a detectable immune response. A direct correlation between antibody production and the titer of the inoculum was shown with owl monkeys infected experimentally in earlier studies [Trahan et al, 1987].…”

Section: Anti-hav Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Experimental hepatitis A virus infection in guinea pigs

Hornei

Kämmerer

Moubayed

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

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Although many of the properties of hepatitis A virus (HAV) are known, several aspects of HAV pathogenesis are still not understood, such as the mechanism underlying the hepatotropism or HAV replication in extrahepatic sites. Detailed studies of these aspects were hampered mostly by the lack of accessible animal models, since only nonhuman primates are susceptible to experimental infections. An alternative animal model would also be of interest to assess the primary replication site and for the evaluation of the safety and efficacy of vaccines. A study was undertaken to determine whether HAV can infect guinea pigs and whether they are useful as a model for studying aspects of HAV pathogenesis and for the evaluation of vaccines. HAV variants adapted to primate or guinea pig tissue culture were used to inoculate guinea pigs intraperitoneally and by the oral route. The animals were observed for clinical disease, shedding of HAV in stools, viremia, seroconversion, evidence for liver damage by biochemical liver function tests, virus presence in the liver, development of hepatic histopathological changes, and occurrence of HAV in extrahepatic organs. The animals developed an active, clinically inapparent infection with specific histopathological changes in the liver. Although virus replication occurred, as shown by RT-PCR and isolation of infectious virus from feces and serum, it seems unlikely that guinea pigs are suitable for studying the clinical features of hepatitis A, because the clinical and laboratory parameters remained normal. However, guinea pigs appear useful for studying some aspects of HAV pathogenesis and for testing the safety of vaccines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anti-hav Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental hepatitis A virus infection in guinea pigs

Hornei

Kämmerer

Moubayed

et al. 2001

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Non-human primates are considered the principal models for HAV which more closely mimics many of the aspects of the human disease (Purcell & Emerson 2001, Deinhardt et al 1962, Dotzauer et al 1994). Due to high economical and moral concerns, the feasibility of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) in the experimental infection by HAV is considered among the replacement options (Binn et al 1986, Elbert et al 1992, Hornei et al 2001). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hornei et al (2001) produced good response in Dunkin-Hartley guinea pigs screened for specific HAV antibodies. In terms of immunogenicity to inactivated HAV particles, guinea pigs have been considered as intermediate producers of HAV antibodies (Elbert et al 1992). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%