Immunogenicity of bivalent omicron (BA.1) booster vaccination after different priming regimens in health-care workers in the Netherlands (SWITCH ON): results from the direct boost group of an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

Tan, Ngoc H.; Sablerolles, Roos S G; Rietdijk, Wim; Goorhuis, Abraham; Postma, Douwe F.; Visser, Leo G.; Bogers, Susanne; Dijk, Laura L.A. van; Gommers, Lennert; Leeuwen, Leanne P M van; Boerma, Annemarie; Nijhof, Sander; Dort, Karel A. van; Dalm, Virgil A. S. H.; Lafeber, Melvin; Kootstra, Neeltje A.; Huckriede, Anke; Baarle, Debbie van; Zaeck, Luca M; GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H.; Vries, Rory D de; Kuy, P.H.M. van der

doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00140-8

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…For example, 9 studies 5-9,20-22,28 that we idenEfied were sponsored by the companies producing the vaccines. We therefore performed an analysis on a subset of studies [2][3][4]10,11,14,17,19,24 that reported both pre-and post-boost neutralisaEon Etres and had no pharmaceuEcal company involvement and found a similar benefit of updaEng the booster immunogen to that described above (update advantage of 1.39-fold [95% CI 1.04-1.84], Supplementary Table 7). AddiEonally, in our mulEple regression analysis when we included pharmaceuEcal involvement as a potenEal factor, we found this variable was not significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondly, there were a limited number of studies 2,3,5,6,14,17,19,20,23,24 that provided a head-to-head comparison of in vitro neutralisation titres elicited by different booster immunogens (Table 1). In a subset analysis, using only data from cohorts which included pre- and post-boost neutralisation titres for a future variant after boosting with both an old and updated immunogen (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Predicting COVID-19 booster immunogenicity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and the benefits of vaccine updates

Cromer,

Reynaldi,

Hie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The ongoing evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has led to a move to update vaccine antigens in 2022 and 2023. These updated antigens were chosen and approved based on in vitro neutralisation titres against recent SARS-CoV-2 variants. However, unavoidable delays in viral manufacture and distribution meant that the updated booster vaccine was no longer well matched to the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variant by the time of its deployment. Understanding whether the updating of booster vaccine antigens improves immune responses to subsequent SARS-CoV-2 circulating variants is a major priority in justifying future vaccine updates. Here we analyse all available data on the immunogenicity of variant containing SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and their ability to neutralise later circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. We find that updated booster antigens give a 1.4-fold [95%CI 1.07-1.82] greater increase in neutralising antibody levels when compared with a historical vaccine immunogen. We then use this to predict the relative protection that can be expected from an updated vaccine even when the circulating variant has evolved away from the updated vaccine immunogen. These findings help inform the roll out of future booster vaccination programs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting COVID-19 booster immunogenicity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and the benefits of vaccine updates

Cromer,

Reynaldi,

Hie

et al. 2024

Preprint

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show abstract

“…The increase of neutralizing antibodies following the administration of the bivalent booster we documented in our study (i.e., 7.0 increase) was consistent with the conclusions of other studies. 4,7 As for the humoral response following the first two doses of BNT162b2 and the homologous boosters, [8][9][10][11] a substantial waning of the humoral response was observed 6 months after the administration of the BNT162b2 bivalent booster. This decrease was especially important considering the XBB.1.5 subvariant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Favresse,

Gillot,

Closset

et al. 2024

Journal of Medical Virology

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Studies about the duration of the humoral and cellular response following the bivalent booster administration are still scarce. We aimed at assessing the humoral and cellular response in a cohort of healthcare workers that received this booster. Blood samples were collected before the administration of the bivalent booster from Pfizer‐BioNTech and after 14, 28, 90, and 180 days. Neutralizing antibodies against either the D614G strain, the delta variant, the BA.5 variant, or the XBB.1.5 subvariant were measured. The cellular response was assessed by measurement of the release of interferon gamma from T cells in response to an in vitro SARS‐CoV‐2 stimulation. A substantial waning of neutralizing antibodies was observed after 6 months (23.1‐fold decrease), especially considering the XBB.1.5 subvariant. The estimated T1/2 of neutralizing antibodies was 16.1 days (95% CI = 10.2–38.4 days). Although most participants still present a robust cellular response after 6 months (i.e., 95%), a significant decrease was also observed compared to the peak response (0.95 vs. 0.41 UI/L, p = 0.0083). A significant waning of the humoral and cellular response was observed after 6 months. These data can also help competent national authorities in their recommendation regarding the administration of an additional booster.

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“…Given the differences in antibody waning and durability observed in immunogenicity studies of earlier vaccine formulations. 17,45,62 , it might be that rVE becomes more pronounced over a longer follow-up period. Future analysis, including longer follow-up periods, could provide a broader overview of long-term comparative vaccine performance and help guide decisionmaking on the optimal interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13 While the safety profile was similar between monovalent and bivalent mRNA vaccines, greater immunogenicity and relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) were demonstrated with increased time since prior infection or prior COVID-19 vaccination. 12,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] On August 31, 2022, 23 bivalent vaccines (Original/ Omicron BA.4/BA.5) were authorized in the United States (US) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a booster dose for adults (≥18) and are now recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for all individuals ≥6 months of age. 24 However, while approximately 70% of the eligible US population has completed a primary series, only ~17% of those eligible have received bivalent vaccination as of June 2023.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Effectiveness of the Bivalent (Original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines mRNA-1273.222 and BNT162b2 Bivalent in Adults in the United States

Kopel,

Nguyen,

Boileau

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: The emergence of Omicron variants coincided with declining vaccine-induced protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and other COVID-19-related outcomes. Two bivalent mRNA vaccines, mRNA-1273.222 (Moderna) and BNT162b2 Bivalent (Pfizer-BioNTech) were developed to provide greater protection against the predominate circulating variants by including the mRNA that encodes both the ancestral (original) strain and BA.4/BA.5. We estimated their relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) in preventing COVID-19-related outcomes in the US. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a US nationwide dataset linking primary care electronic health records (EHR) and pharmacy/medical claims data. The adult study population (aged >18 years) received either mRNA-1273.222 or BNT162b2 Bivalent vaccination between August 31, 2022, and February 28, 2023. We used a propensity score weighting based on the inverse probability of treatment to adjust for the baseline differences in age, sex, race, ethnicity, geographic region, vaccination week, and health status between groups. Outcomes evaluated were rVE of the two bivalent mRNA vaccines against COVID-19-related hospitalizations (primary outcome) and outpatient visits (secondary). We weighted the vaccine groups prior to analysis and estimated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) using multivariable Cox regression models. We calculated rVE as (1-HR) X 100. Results: We evaluated outcomes for 1,034,538 mRNA-1273.222 and 1,670,666 BNT162b2 Bivalent vaccine recipients. The adjusted rVE of mRNA-1273.222 versus BNT162b2 Bivalent vaccines against COVID-19-related hospitalization was 9.8% (95% confidence interval: 2.6% —16.4%). The adjusted rVE against COVID-19-related outpatient visits was 5.1% (95% CI: 3.2% —6.9%). When evaluated by age group, the incremental relative effectiveness was greater. Among adults ≥65, rVE against COVID-19-related hospitalizations and outpatient visits was 13.5% (95% CI: 5.5% — 20.8%) and 10.7% (8.2% — 13.1%), respectively. Conclusion: We found greater effectiveness of mRNA-1273.222 compared with the BNT162b2 Bivalent vaccine in preventing COVID-19-related hospitalizations and outpatient visits, with increased benefits in older adults

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Immunogenicity of bivalent omicron (BA.1) booster vaccination after different priming regimens in health-care workers in the Netherlands (SWITCH ON): results from the direct boost group of an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

Predicting COVID-19 booster immunogenicity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and the benefits of vaccine updates

Predicting COVID-19 booster immunogenicity against future SARS-CoV-2 variants and the benefits of vaccine updates

Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Comparative Effectiveness of the Bivalent (Original/Omicron BA.4/BA.5) mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines mRNA-1273.222 and BNT162b2 Bivalent in Adults in the United States

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