Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Favresse, Julien; Gillot, Constant; Closset, Mélanie; Cabo, Julien; Wauthier, Loris; David, Clara; Elsen, Marc; Dogné, Jean‐Michel; Douxfils, Jonathan

doi:10.1002/jmv.29365

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A recent study by Favresse et al. ( 23 ) reported that NAb against BA.5, measured using a pseudovirus neutralization assay, declined 6 months after bivalent vaccination, compared with the baseline. The study by Favresse et al, was conducted primarily in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, similar to this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term humoral and cellular immunity against vaccine strains and Omicron subvariants (BQ.1.1, BN.1, XBB.1, and EG.5) after bivalent COVID-19 vaccination

Hyun,

Nham,

Seong

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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BackgroundThe assessment of long-term humoral and cellular immunity post-vaccination is crucial for establishing an optimal vaccination strategy.MethodsThis prospective cohort study evaluated adults (≥18 years) who received a BA.4/5 bivalent vaccine. We measured the anti-receptor binding domain immunoglobulin G antibody and neutralizing antibodies (NAb) against wild-type and Omicron subvariants (BA.5, BQ.1.1, BN.1, XBB.1 and EG.5) up to 9 months post-vaccination. T-cell immune responses were measured before and 4 weeks after vaccination.ResultsA total of 108 (28 SARS-CoV-2-naïve and 80 previously infected) participants were enrolled. Anti-receptor binding domain immunoglobulin G (U/mL) levels were higher at 9 months post-vaccination than baseline in SAR-CoV-2-naïve individuals (8,339 vs. 1,834, p<0.001). NAb titers against BQ.1.1, BN.1, and XBB.1 were significantly higher at 9 months post-vaccination than baseline in both groups, whereas NAb against EG.5 was negligible at all time points. The T-cell immune response (median spot forming unit/106 cells) was highly cross-reactive at both baseline (wild-type/BA.5/XBB.1.5, 38.3/52.5/45.0 in SARS-CoV-2-naïve individuals; 51.6/54.9/54.9 in SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals) and 4 weeks post-vaccination, with insignificant boosting post-vaccination.ConclusionRemarkable cross-reactive neutralization was observed against BQ.1.1, BN.1, and XBB.1 up to 9 months after BA.4/5 bivalent vaccination, but not against EG.5. The T-cell immune response was highly cross-reactive.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Long-term humoral and cellular immunity against vaccine strains and Omicron subvariants (BQ.1.1, BN.1, XBB.1, and EG.5) after bivalent COVID-19 vaccination

Hyun,

Nham,

Seong

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

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“…Protective and efficient humoral immune responses, with SARS-CoV-2-neutralizing antibodies, developed after the second or third dose of COVID-19 vaccination, with a later decrease [10]. Although a significant decrease in humoral and cellular responses after 6 months of vaccination was recently reported [11], there are still many questions to be resolved about COVID-19 vaccines, such as the duration of humoral immunity after primary infection or long-term vaccination. Similarly, knowledge about the duration of protection conferred by booster injections is also limited [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low Number of Baselines γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection

Andreu-Ballester,

Galindo-Regal,

Cuéllar

et al. 2024

Vaccines

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is the biggest global health problem in the last hundred years. The efficacy of the vaccine to protect against severe disease is estimated to be 70–95% according to the studies carried out, although there are aspects of the immune response to the vaccine that remain unclear. Methods: Humoral and cellular immunity after the administration of three doses of the Pfizer–BioNTech and Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 over one year and the appearance of post-vaccination COVID-19 were studied. SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA antibodies, αβ and γδ T-cell subsets, and their differentiation stages and apoptosis were analyzed. Results: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgA antibodies showed a progressive increase throughout the duration of the study. This increase was the greatest after the third dose. The highest levels were observed in subjects who had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies prior to vaccination. There was an increase in CD4+ αβ, CD8+ γδ and TEM CD8+ γδ T cells, and a decrease in apoptosis in CD4+ CD8+ and CD56+ αβ and γδ T cells. Post-vaccination SARS-CoV-2 infection was greater than 60%. The symptoms of COVID-19 were very mild and were related to a γδ T cell deficit, specifically CD8+ TEMRA and CD56+ γδ TEM, as well as lower pre-vaccine apoptosis levels. Conclusions: The results unveil the important role of γδ T cells in SARS-CoV-2-vaccine-mediated protection from the disease.

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Neutralizing antibody response to XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, FL.1.5.1, and JN.1 six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Favresse,

Gillot,

Cabo

et al. 2024

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Durability of humoral and cellular immunity six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Long-term humoral and cellular immunity against vaccine strains and Omicron subvariants (BQ.1.1, BN.1, XBB.1, and EG.5) after bivalent COVID-19 vaccination

Long-term humoral and cellular immunity against vaccine strains and Omicron subvariants (BQ.1.1, BN.1, XBB.1, and EG.5) after bivalent COVID-19 vaccination

A Low Number of Baselines γδ T Cells Increases the Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Post-Vaccination Infection

Neutralizing antibody response to XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, FL.1.5.1, and JN.1 six months after the BNT162b2 bivalent booster

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