Immunogenicity of an E. coli extract after oral or intraperitoneal administration: induction of antibodies against pathogenic bacterial strains

Huber, Michael; Baier, W.; Serr, Annerose; Bessler, Wolfgang G.

doi:10.1016/s0192-0561(99)00064-8

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…On the complex vaccine front, Uro-Vaxom is a daily oral capsule containing a lyophilized mix of membrane proteins from 18 E. coli strains (95, 253). The formulation elicits a number of immunological effects in vitro (230,278,289,290), generates specific antibodies in mice and humans (15,51,117,233), and generally reduces the incidence of UTI in patients (22,51,95,156,160,232,253). Unfortunately, complications can occur due to toxicity, and the necessity of daily administration presents supply and compliance issues.…”

Section: Weapons Systems: Current and Proposed Treatments And Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Waging War against UropathogenicEscherichia coli: Winning Back the Urinary Tract

2010

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Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a substantial economic and societal burden-a formidable public health issue. Symptomatic UTI causes significant discomfort in infected patients, results in lost productivity, predisposes individuals to more serious infections, and usually necessitates antibiotic therapy. There is no licensed vaccine available for prevention of UTI in humans in the United States, likely due to the challenge of targeting a relatively heterogeneous group of pathogenic strains in a unique physiological niche. Despite significant advances in the understanding of UPEC biology, mechanistic details regarding the host response to UTI and full comprehension of genetic loci that influence susceptibility require additional work. Currently, there is an appreciation for the role of classic innate immune responses-from pattern receptor recognition to recruitment of phagocytic cells-that occur during UPEC-mediated UTI. There is, however, a clear disconnect regarding how factors involved in the innate immune response to UPEC stimulate acquired immunity that facilitates enhanced clearance upon reinfection. Unraveling the molecular details of this process is vital in the development of a successful vaccine for prevention of human UTI. Here, we survey the current understanding of host responses to UPEC-mediated UTI with an eye on molecular and cellular factors whose activity may be harnessed by a vaccine that stimulates lasting and sterilizing immunity. MISSION: ERADICATE UPEC-MEDIATED UTIUrinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections in humans. Bacteria present in fecal matter inoculate the periurethral area, then the bladder (124, 176, 291), causing symptoms clinically termed cystitis. Left untreated, bacteria ascend the ureters to the kidney and establish a secondary infection, acute pyelonephritis. At this juncture, there is risk of permanent renal scarring, and bacteria can access the bloodstream (282). It is estimated that 40% of women and 12% of men will experience a symptomatic UTI, with incidences peaking in their early 20s or after age 85, respectively (75, 185). Approximately 25% of these women will experience recurrence within 6 to 12 months (75, 185). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common etiological agent responsible for uncomplicated UTI (93, 94,282). Uropathogenic strains are classified as extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli, a broad grouping of E. coli that cause diseases other than gastroenteritis and typically lack a type III secretion system (171,220,221,283,284). Nonetheless, UPEC strains express an assortment of virulence and fitness factors that aid in successful colonization of the mammalian urinary tract (126,136). In the United States alone, the estimated annual societal cost of UTI is more than 3 billion dollars (159).Despite a relatively in-depth knowledge base for UPEC physiology and virulence mechanisms (reviewed in references 54, 126, 136, and 284), no licensed vaccine to prevent UTI exists in the Un...

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Section: Weapons Systems: Current and Proposed Treatments And Vaccinementioning

confidence: 99%

Waging War against UropathogenicEscherichia coli: Winning Back the Urinary Tract

2010

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“…First, antiserum obtained following repeated administration was able to recognise the 18 E. coli strains used for preparation of the E. coli extract. This antiserum also recognised a variety of other human pathogenic bacterial strains isolated from patients with UTIs (Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis and Proteus rettgeri) [16]. Second, the study found an increased level both of bacterial strainspecific and of total IgG and IgA when investigating antibody production in cell culture supernatants of the urogenital tract of E. coli extract-treated animals [16].…”

Section: What Is E Coli Extract?mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Subsequently, Huber et al [16] investigated the immunogenicity of E. coli extract following intraperitoneal or oral administration in a mouse model. This study demonstrated three important findings that explained the mechanism of prevention of recurrent UTIs.…”

Section: What Is E Coli Extract?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunostimulation with Escherichia coli extract: prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections

Cho

2008

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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“…24,26,27,[29][30][31][32] Diversos 34 Huber et al mostraram que os anticorpos obtidos eram capazes de reconhecer e se ligar as 18 cepas de E. coli e também a outras cepas bacterianas comumente isoladas em pacientes com ITU, como Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae e Proteus mirabilis. 35 Nauck et al atestaram que o OM-89 apresenta a propriedade de estimular a atividade de leucócitos polimorfonucleares de coelhos contra cepas de E. coli. 36 Tammen estudou 120 pacientes com ITU de repetição.…”

Section: Om-89 (Uro-vaxom)unclassified

O uso de vacinas na profilaxia das infecções do trato urinário

Carraro-Eduardo¹,

Gava²

2012

J. Bras. Nefrol.

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O referido estudo foi realizado na FM/UFF.Os autores declaram a inexistência de conflitos de interesse. ResumoO trato urinário é o sítio mais comum de infecção bacteriana. As infecções do trato urinário (ITU) recorrentes em mulheres sem anormalidades anatômicas do trato urinário demandam uso frequente e repetido de antibióticos, aumentando a prevalência de micro-organismos resistentes aos antimicrobianos. A possibilidade de abordagem alternativa, com a utilização de vacinas produzidas a partir de bactérias inativadas ou componentes estruturais desses micro-organismos, é uma realidade palpável. Confirmando resultados observados experimentalmente, estudos clínicos controlados têm mostrado redução dos episó-dios de recorrência, sem efeitos colaterais significativos, com imunoterapia oral ou vaginal. Nesta revisão, foram apresentados os mecanismos de agressão e defesa envolvidos na gênese das infecções urinárias em mulheres com trato urinário normal, a evolução do conhecimento sobre a imunoterapia nas ITU e as vacinas já disponíveis ou em desenvolvimento para o tratamento dessa importante condição clínica. Palavras-chave:Infecções urinárias. Terapêutica. Recidiva. AbstRActThe urinary tract is the most common site of bacterial infections. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women without urinary tract anatomic abnormalities require frequent and repeated use of antibiotics, increasing the prevalence of antimicrobialresistant microorganisms. The possibility of an alternative approach, with the use of vaccines produced from inactivated bacteria or structural components of these microorganisms, is a reality. Confirming the results observed experimentally, controlled clinical studies of oral or vaginal immunotherapy have shown reductions in the number of episodes of recurrence, without significant side-effects. We reviewed the mechanisms of aggression and defense involved in the pathogenesis of UTIs in women with anatomically normal urinary tracts, the evolution of knowledge about the immunotherapy of UTIs, and the vaccines already available or under development for the treatment of this important clinical condition. Keywords: Urinary tract infections. Therapeutics. Recurrence. O uso de vacinas na profilaxia das infecções do trato urinárioUse of vaccines for prophylaxis of urinary tract infections IntRoduçãoAs infecções do trato urinário (ITU), caracterizadas pela presença de microorganismo patogênico em algum local das vias urinárias, 1 podem ser causadas por qualquer patógeno capaz de colonizar o trato urinário (fungos, parasitas, vírus ou bactérias). Os mais comuns são as enterobactérias, 2 e a Escherichia coli é o uropatógeno responsável por 80% dos casos. [3][4][5][6] O desenvolvimento da ITU é determinado pela virulência do micro-organismo invasor, pelo tamanho do inoculo e por falhas nos mecanismos de defesa do hospedeiro. 3,4,7 As bactérias patogênicas possuem fatores de virulência que as tornam capazes de aderir às células da mucosa urinária, se multiplicar e colonizar o trato urinário. 7,8 A adesão é mediada por ...

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Immunogenicity of an E. coli extract after oral or intraperitoneal administration: induction of antibodies against pathogenic bacterial strains

Cited by 15 publications

References 9 publications

Waging War against UropathogenicEscherichia coli: Winning Back the Urinary Tract

Waging War against UropathogenicEscherichia coli: Winning Back the Urinary Tract

Immunostimulation with Escherichia coli extract: prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections

O uso de vacinas na profilaxia das infecções do trato urinário

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