Immunoblot Analysis of the Human Antibody Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Gimenez, H. B.; Keir, Hamish M.; Cash, Phillip

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-68-5-1267

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…In general, the enhancing titre of human sera followed the titre of RS virusspecific antibodies determined by CF and neutralization. A similar pattern was observed when the enhancing titre was compared with the RS virus antibodies analysed by immunoblotting (Gimenez et al, 1987). This trend was shown for single human serum samples with high titres of RS virus antibodies and with paired serum samples.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…respectively (Gimenez et al, 1986(Gimenez et al, , 1987. Only MAb 4-15 neutralized virus infectivity.…”

Section: Ade By Rs Virus-specific Murine Mabsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The plaque reduction neutralization titres of the human sera against the RS-A2 strain of RS virus were determined as described by Pringle & Cross (1978). The murine MAbs 4-15 and 4-18 were prepared in our laboratory and have been described elsewhere (Gimenez et at., 1986(Gimenez et at., , 1987.…”

confidence: 99%

“…The paired sera from patients O, H, P, S and W have been described elsewhere (Gimenez et al, 1987). Patients M, B and T were aged between 63 and 84 years and had respiratory infections.…”

Section: Determination Of the Enhancing Activities Of Human Serum Sammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ADE assay was performed using two RS virus-specific MAbs (Gimenez et al, 1986(Gimenez et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Ade By Rs Virus-specific Murine Mabsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro Enhancement of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of U937 Cells by Human Sera

Gimenez

Keir

Cash

1989

Journal of General Virology

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SUMMARYHuman sera containing respiratory syncytial (RS) virus-specific antibodies enhance RS virus infection of the U937 macrophage cell line. There was an increase in the number of cells expressing virus antigen when U937 cells were infected with RS virus in the presence of human serum compared to cells infected in the absence of human serum. Human sera enhanced virus yield, as measured by the cell-released infectious virus, by an average of 50-fold compared to virus infection in the absence of human serum. The comparison of the enhancing activities of paired acute and convalescent human sera showed that the titre of enhancing antibody increased in parallel with the titre of RS virus-specific antibody measured by complement fixation and virus neutralization. An RS virus-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed to the virus F protein enhanced virus infection of U937 cells. A non-neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed to the virus nucleoprotein did not enhance virus infection. The possible role of enhancing antibodies in vivo is discussed. INTRODUCTIONRespiratory syncytial (RS) virus is a major cause of acute respiratory infections in young children. The use of a formalin-inactivated RS virus vaccine predisposed children to severe illness when subsequently infected with RS virus (Kim et al., 1969). Following immunization, children developed lower neutralizing antibody titres than those of a comparable age who had natural RS virus infections and had not been immunized (Murphy et al., 1986). Chin et al. (1969) found higher virus shedding and virus isolation rates in vaccinees compared to unvaccinated children when both groups were naturally infected with RS virus. These data led to the speculation that low antibody titres contributed to the severity of the RS virus infections. A possible explanation for these data is antibody-dependent enhancement of virus infection, as proposed by Porterfield (1982) and Halstead (1982), although no experimental data were presented at that time.The in vitro enhancement of virus infection of macrophage cell lines by virus-specific antibodies at sub-neutralizing concentrations has been reported for several viruses (reviewed by Halstead, 1982). The initial stages of virus enhancement require the formation of a virusantibody complex which then attaches, via the Fc portion of the antibody, to the macrophage Fc receptor; this facilitates the entry of the virus as compared to virus infection in the absence of antibody (Gollins & Porterfield, 1984). The sites of replication of RS virus in the respiratory tract are poorly understood and the role of antibody-dependent enhancement in RS virus pathogenesis remains to be determined. Recently, RS virus has been shown to replicate in vitro in human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (Krilov et al., 1987). In addition, RS virus antigen has been found in circulating mononuclear leukocytes of infants with RS virus infections (Dumorat et al., 1985). The present report describes the infection of the U937 human macrophage cell line by...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…respectively (Gimenez et al, 1986(Gimenez et al, , 1987. Only MAb 4-15 neutralized virus infectivity.…”

Section: Ade By Rs Virus-specific Murine Mabsmentioning

confidence: 96%

confidence: 99%

“…The paired sera from patients O, H, P, S and W have been described elsewhere (Gimenez et al, 1987). Patients M, B and T were aged between 63 and 84 years and had respiratory infections.…”

Section: Determination Of the Enhancing Activities Of Human Serum Sammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ADE assay was performed using two RS virus-specific MAbs (Gimenez et al, 1986(Gimenez et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Ade By Rs Virus-specific Murine Mabsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

In vitro Enhancement of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of U937 Cells by Human Sera

Gimenez

Keir

Cash

1989

Journal of General Virology

Self Cite

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Proteomics in medical microbiology

Cash

2000

Electrophoresis

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Immunoglobulin‐class‐specific immune response to respiratory syncytial virus structural proteins in infants, children, and adults

Popow‐Kraupp

Lakits

Kellner

et al. 1989

Journal of Medical Virology

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The protein specificities of IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies induced during respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in 74 patients (4 weeks to 81 years of age) were investigated using the technique of immunoblotting. Although the pattern of antibody reactivity varied among patients, most of the humoral immune response in all age groups was directed against the 48, 42, 35, and 27 K proteins. An infant's own antibody response was discernible in 55 of the 57 children below 1 year of age, despite the presence of maternally derived antibodies. Antibody against the 90 K surface glycoprotein was not detectable in those less than 1 year of age. Primary RSV infection induced antibodies only against a subset of RSV proteins. Although a broadening of the antibody response occurred with increasing age and in the course of reinfection, an immune response to all the viral structural proteins was observed rarely.

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Immunoblot Analysis of the Human Antibody Response to Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

Cited by 23 publications

References 13 publications

In vitro Enhancement of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of U937 Cells by Human Sera

In vitro Enhancement of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection of U937 Cells by Human Sera

Proteomics in medical microbiology

Immunoglobulin‐class‐specific immune response to respiratory syncytial virus structural proteins in infants, children, and adults

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