Immuno-histopathologic evaluation of mineralized plasmatic matrix in the management of horizontal ridge defects in a canine model (a split-mouth comparative study)

Abstract

Our research aimed to investigate the effect of combining biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) alloplast with mineralized plasmatic matrix (MPM) as compared with platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on the quality and quantity of bone formation and maturation at surgically created horizontal critical-sized ridge defects (HRDs) in a canine model. We used a split-mouth design using the third and fourth mandibular premolars of the mongrel dogs. Twelve defects on the left side (experimental group, I) were managed with MPM composite mixed with BCP alloplast, MPM compact layer. On the right side (control group, II), another 12 defects were managed with PRF mixed with BCP alloplast, followed by the application of PRF compact strips. Finally, both were covered by a collagen membrane. Dogs were euthanized at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, and the studied defects were processed to evaluate treatment outcome, including mean percentage of bone surface area, collagen percentage, and osteopontin (OPN) immunoreaction. Our results revealed that the mean percentage of bone surface area was significantly increased in the experimental group treated with MPM at all time intervals as compared with the PRF group. Decreased collagen percentage and increased OPN immunoreactivity showed significant results in the MPM group as compared with PRF at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, respectively. In conclusion, MPM accelerates the formation of superior new bone quality when used in the treatment of HRDs.

Standardization of Animal Models and Techniques for Platelet-Rich Fibrin Production: A Narrative Review and Guideline

“…Regarding platelet count, rabbits have a similar range of platelet numbers compared to humans, with an average platelet count ranging from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood. However, there may be some differences in the size and distribution of platelets between rabbits and humans, which can impact platelet function and response to different stimuli [ 70 , 96 ].…”

“…In addition, comparing the number of cells in the blood, rabbits have a similar range of red and white blood cells compared to humans. And the number of cytokines and growth factors in rabbit blood can vary based on the age, sex, and strain of the rabbit [ 96 , 97 ]. Therefore, it is crucial to consider these factors when conducting research using rabbit blood samples [ 70 ].…”

Determination of critical-sized defect of mandible in a rabbit model: Micro-computed tomography, and histological evaluation

“…Many factors contribute to the choice of an animal experimental model for testing bone regeneration strategies [ 7 ]. For mandibular bone regeneration, animal models are generally divided into small (including mice [ 8 ], rats [ [9] , [10] , [11] ], and rabbits [ [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] ]) and large (including dogs [ [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] ], goats [ 22 , 23 ], pigs [ 24 , 25 ], and monkeys [ 26 ]) animal models. Animal models usually differ in their mandibular CSDs.…”

Histological and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Chitosan–nanohydroxyapatite Scaffold on Regenerative Bone Healing in Osteoporotic Rabbits

“…Moreover, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a key player and a widely used osteoblast biomarker responsible for regulating osteoblast function and extracellular matrix mineralization during bone remodeling [19] . Finally, we used osteopontin (OP) to investigate the early stages of bone mineralization, as it is located along the wounded surface, allowing osteoblasts to integrate and promote bone mineralization through cement line bonding [20] .…”