Immunisation status of children in Germany: temporal trends and regional differences

Kalies, Helen; Grote, Veit; Schmitt, Heinz-Josef; Kries, Rüdiger von

doi:10.1007/s00431-005-1758-0

Cited by 32 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Coverage rates of nearly 70% were also reported in children enrolled in day care centers of Philadelphia, USA 16 , and in American children in general, between 2001-2002 17 . In some European countries or regions, coverage can be very low, as observed in Austria 18 and Germany 19 and in gipsy children from Alicante, Spain 20 . Coverage rates are lower than those found in the poorest socioeconomic strata of Salvador, even lower than the rates recorded in certain areas of India, such as Rajasthan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia

Barata¹,

Pereira

2013

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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Objective: To estimate the vaccination coverage in children born in the city of Salvador, analyzing these coverages by socioeconomic conditions. Method: A household survey on vaccination coverage was conducted with children born in 2005, in Salvador, Bahia, northeastern Brazil, who were aged between 18 to 36 months at the time of this study. Cluster sampling was performed in multiple stages. Census tracts were stratified using data from the national census conducted in 2000. Data was collected on socio-economic households. The sample size was defined by a specific methodology developed for immunization coverage surveys. The questionnaire was based upon the information contained in the vaccination cards. The estimated vaccination coverage in the various strata considered the sampling complex plan, weighting the observations according to the sampling fraction, the losses and the design effect. Results: There was inequality in the socioeconomic strata analyzed, where the coverage rate was directly proportional to socioeconomic status. Strata D and E showed statistically significant differences when compared to stratum A. Regarding to the complete scheme, children living in strata D and E have significantly less coverage than those residing in strata B. For vaccines not included in the basic scheme, the differences are very marked, showing less than 3% in stratum D and E. Conclusions: Vaccination coverage for the complete schedule at the end of 18 months of age with valid doses, was unsatisfactory and shows significant differences among the socio-economic strata with poor coverage in the poorest groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia

Barata¹,

Pereira

2013

Rev. bras. epidemiol.

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“…1A), in concordance with local data and suboptimal coverage rates in other countries. 13,14,20,21,28,29 The delay is attributable to the overcrowded vaccination schedule in the first 6 months as well as the nonuniversal use of hexavalent vaccines. The use of combined vaccines has potential benefits, including reduced number of patient visits, fewer complications associated with multiple injections, decreased stocking and visit costs, and lowering the risk of delayed or missed vaccinations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional vaccination coverage study in preschool children attending nurseries-kindergartens: Implications on economic crisis effect

Georgakopoulou

Menegas

Katsioulis

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Vaccination coverage studies are important in determining a population's vaccination status and strategically adjusting national immunization programs. This study assessed full and timely vaccination coverage of preschool children aged 2-3 y attending nurseries-kindergartens (N-K) nationwide at the socioeconomic crisis onset. Geographically stratified cluster sampling was implemented considering prefectures as strata and N-K as clusters. The N-K were selected by simple random sampling from the sampling frame while their number was proportional to the stratum size. In total, 185 N-K (response rate 93.9%) and 2539 children (response rate 81.5%) participated. Coverage with traditional vaccines for diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, polio and measles-mumps-rubella was very high (>95%), followed by Haemophilus influenzae type b and varicella vaccines. Despite very high final coverage, delayed vaccination was observed for hepatitis B (48.3% completed by 12 months). Significant delay was observed for the booster dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) and meningococcal C conjugate vaccines (MCC). Of the total population studied, 82.3% received 3 PCV doses by 12 months, while 62.3% received the fourth dose by 24 months and 76.2% by 30 months. However, 89.6% received at least one MCC dose over 12 months. Timely vaccinated for hepatitis A with 2 doses by 24 months were 6.1%. Coverage was significantly low for Rotavirus (<20%) and influenza (23.1% one dose). High vaccination coverage is maintained for most vaccines at the beginning of the crisis in Greece. Coverage and timeliness show an increasing trend compared to previous studies. Sustained efforts are needed to support the preventive medicine system as socioeconomic instability continues.

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“…This might reflect continuing adherence to different childhood vaccination policies before re-unification [15,19]. Immunization is voluntary in Germany now, but it was mandatory in the former German Democratic Republic.…”

Section: Measles-mumps-rubella (Mmr) Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in vaccination coverage explains the size and occurrence of measles epidemics in German surveillance data

2010

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SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to characterize empirically the association between vaccination coverage and the size and occurrence of measles epidemics in Germany. In order to achieve this we analysed data routinely collected by the Robert Koch Institute, which comprise the weekly number of reported measles cases at all ages as well as estimates of vaccination coverage at the average age of entry into the school system. Coverage levels within each federal state of Germany are incorporated into a multivariate time-series model for infectious disease counts, which captures occasional outbreaks by means of an autoregressive component. The observed incidence pattern of measles for all ages is best described by using the log proportion of unvaccinated school starters in the autoregressive component of the model.

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Immunisation status of children in Germany: temporal trends and regional differences

Abstract: Vaccination coverage at 24 months and compliance with national guidelines has improved for most vaccines in Germany. However, improving coverage for measles, mumps, rubella and eliminating the regional disparities remain a major challenge for the public health sector.

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia

Desigualdades sociais e cobertura vacinal na cidade de Salvador, Bahia

A cross-sectional vaccination coverage study in preschool children attending nurseries-kindergartens: Implications on economic crisis effect

Heterogeneity in vaccination coverage explains the size and occurrence of measles epidemics in German surveillance data

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