Immune thrombocytopenia: options and new perspectives

Caserta, Santino; Zaccuri, Anna Maria; Innao, Vanessa; Musolino, Caterina; Allegra, Alessandro

doi:10.1097/mbc.0000000000001058

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Hematopoietic stem cells derive from the mesoderm during embryogenesis and are crucial for the correct development of blood cells and the functioning of the immune system [15][16][17]; both genetic and environmental factors such as chemical substances, radiation, and infections can cause their dysfunction and lead to hematological malignancies. Hematological malignancies, like leukemia, lymphoma, and myeloma, represent 7% of new cancer cases globally every year and, despite new treatments including drugs and bone marrow transplantation, they have survival rates far from 100% [18].…”

Section: Hematological Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences and miRNAs Expression in Cancer: Implications on Prognosis and Susceptibility

Caserta

Gangemi

Murdaca

et al. 2023

IJMS

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MicroRNAs are small, noncoding molecules of about twenty-two nucleotides with crucial roles in both healthy and pathological cells. Their expression depends not only on genetic factors, but also on epigenetic mechanisms like genomic imprinting and inactivation of X chromosome in females that influence in a sex-dependent manner onset, progression, and response to therapy of different diseases like cancer. There is evidence of a correlation between miRNAs, sex, and cancer both in solid tumors and in hematological malignancies; as an example, in lymphomas, with a prevalence rate higher in men than women, miR-142 is “silenced” because of its hypermethylation by DNA methyltransferase-1 and it is blocked in its normal activity of regulating the migration of the cell. This condition corresponds in clinical practice with a more aggressive tumor. In addition, cancer treatment can have advantages from the evaluation of miRNAs expression; in fact, therapy with estrogens in hepatocellular carcinoma determines an upregulation of the oncosuppressors miR-26a, miR-92, and miR-122 and, consequently, apoptosis. The aim of this review is to present an exhaustive collection of scientific data about the possible role of sex differences on the expression of miRNAs and the mechanisms through which miRNAs influence cancerogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis of cells from diverse types of tumors.

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Section: Hematological Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender Differences and miRNAs Expression in Cancer: Implications on Prognosis and Susceptibility

Caserta

Gangemi

Murdaca

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…For example, folic acid could be supplemented with the aim of preventing folate deficiency for healthy tissues and reducing the rate of adverse effects, especially when using high doses of MTX in hemato-logical malignancies treatment. In vivo studies testing MTX toxicity in rats showed that yogurt fermented with Lactobacillus bulgaricus, together with Streptococcus thermophilus, and fermented with Lactobacillus johnsonii were able to prevent MTX damage to the small intestine through an improvement of intestinal barrier function [57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65].…”

Section: Hematological Malignanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interplay between Medical Plants and Gut Microbiota in Cancer

et al. 2023

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The gut microbiota is a dynamic community of bacteria distributed in the gastroenteric tract and changes in response to diseases, diet, use of antibiotics and probiotics, hygiene status, and other environmental factors. Dysbiosis, a disruption of the normal crosstalk between the host and the microbes, is associated with obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases, is linked to a reduction of anti-inflammatory bacteria like Lactobacillus and Roseburia, and to an increase in the growth of proinflammatory species like Ruminococcus gnavus and Bacteroidetes. Some plants possess anticancer properties and various studies have reported that some of these are also able to modulate the gut microbiota. The aim of this work is to evaluate the crucial relationship between medical plants and gut microbiota and the consequences on the onset and progression of cancer. In vivo studies about hematological malignancies showed that beta-glucans tie to endogenous antibeta glucan antibodies and to iC3b, an opsonic fragment of the central complement protein C3, leading to phagocytosis of antibody-targeted neoplastic cells and potentiation of the cytotoxic activity of the innate immune system if administered together with monoclonal antibodies. In conclusion, this review suggests the potential use of medical plants to improve gut dysbiosis and assist in the treatment of cancer.

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“…Some therapeutics are in the advanced phase of clinical trials (phase III) and seem to give good results that could enrich the therapeutic arsenal of ITP in the coming years. We mention: Rozanolixizumab, Rozrolimupab, PRTX-100, BTK-inhibitors, FCRN-inhibitors, belimumab... [34].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

GSCM

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Introduction: ITP is an autoimmune cytopenia common in adults. The hemorrhagic risk may involve a vital prognosis.Its management is still poorly codified.We studied the diagnostic characteristics of ITP and evaluated its therapeutic management and its evolutionary profile in adults. Materials and Methods: this is a retrospective study of 55 cases of ITP, conducted over 21 years (January 2000 to December 2020). Results:The average age of patients was 44 years with a clear female predominance (sex ratio 3.5). The circumstance of discovery was fortuitous in 41.8% of cases and following hemorrhagic syndrome in 34.5% of cases. Deep thrombocytopenia (< 30,000 el/mm3) was found in 42.8% of cases. The presence of bleeding was correlated with the depth of thrombocytopenia. Antinuclear antibodies were positive in 76% of cases. Corticosteroid therapy was prescribed first-line in 50.9% of patients. A response was obtained in 78.6% of cases. Splenectomy was performed in 12.7% of cases. The response rate was 57.1%. Four patients benefited from rituximab with an initial response observed in all cases. The trend towards chronicity was observed in 78.2% of cases. Conclusion: ITP is a diagnosis of exclusion. It is mostly moving towards chronicity.Treatment is mainly based on corticosteroid therapy. Surveillance may be sufficient in the presence of hemostatic platelets. Splenectomy keeps room but is increasingly delayed after the advent of new therapies.

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Immune thrombocytopenia: options and new perspectives

Cited by 8 publications

References 40 publications

Gender Differences and miRNAs Expression in Cancer: Implications on Prognosis and Susceptibility

Gender Differences and miRNAs Expression in Cancer: Implications on Prognosis and Susceptibility

The Interplay between Medical Plants and Gut Microbiota in Cancer

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