Immune responses of cattle to experimental anti-Fasciola hepaticavaccines

Mulcahy, Grace; O'Connor, F B; Clery, Daniel; Hogan, Sean A.; Dowd, Andrew; Andrews, SJ; Dalton, John P.

doi:10.1053/rvsc.1998.0270

Cited by 78 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…We have shown previously that IL-4 2/2 mice, which are predisposed toward a Th1 immune response, are less susceptible to F. hepatica infection, with reduced liver damage, compared with IFN-gR 2/2 mice, which elicited strong Th2 responses and are highly susceptible to infection (39). Vaccine efficacy using F. hepatica excretorysecretory molecules or using recombinant F. hepatica secretory enzymes is associated with enhanced lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-g expression (10,40).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasciola hepatica Tegumental Coat Impairs Mast Cells’ Ability To Drive Th1 Immune Responses

Vukman

Adams

Metz

et al. 2013

The Journal of Immunology

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The parasitic worm Fasciola hepatica induces strong Th2 and T-regulatory immune responses while simultaneously suppressing Th1-driven immune responses to bystander microbial infections. It also prevents the initiation of Th1-mediated autoimmune disorders in mice through the suppression of Th17 and Th1 immune responses, and this can be mimicked by parasite-derived molecules. We have isolated F. hepatica tegumental coat Ag (FhTeg) and demonstrated its suppressive effect in vivo by directly targeting dendritic cells, impairing their ability to drive Th1 responses. Mast cells are critical in promoting Th1 protective immunity during bacterial infection and in driving Th1-mediated pathological conditions in autoimmune diseases. In this article, we show that FhTeg inhibits the ability of mast cells to drive the Th1 immune response by suppressing cytokine secretion (TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, and IL-10) and ICAM1 expression in mast cells stimulated with LPS or heat-inactivated Bordetella pertussis Ag. These heat-inactivated B. pertussis Ag/LPS–stimulated mast cells fail to promote Th1 immune responses in CD4+ T cells when pretreated with FhTeg, and a role for ICAM1 in this process was demonstrated. FhTeg suppresses the activation of transcription factors in the TLR signaling pathway, which explains the decrease in cytokine production and cell surface marker expression. We demonstrated that FhTeg suppresses MAPK and NF-κB activation and enhances SOCS3 expression, which could explain its negative effect on the TLR pathways. We conclude that FhTeg targets innate immune cells, inhibiting their ability to drive Th1 immune responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fasciola hepatica Tegumental Coat Impairs Mast Cells’ Ability To Drive Th1 Immune Responses

Vukman

Adams

Metz

et al. 2013

The Journal of Immunology

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“…In sheep production, the disease causes severe losses because of reduced growth and productivity, immune suppression, and death of heavily infected animals (Boray 1985, Mulcahy et al 1999. In temperate climates, it is related to common liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) and is most prevalent in swamp areas and pastures that remain flooded during the rainy season (Haroun et al 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological and biochemical changes in organically farmed sheep naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica

et al. 2007

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A naturally occurring outbreak of fasciolosis in a group of 20 Merinolandschaf (German Merino) sheep was studied. Hematological and blood biochemical values in sheep spontaneously infected with liver fluke Fasciola hepatica were compared with equivalent values in 20 parasite-free sheep from organically farmed flock. Investigated animals were kept in outdoor system, on pastures covered with swamps, which remain flooded after rainy season. Significantly lower red blood cell (RBC) count, lymphocytes, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and albumin were recorded in sheep from the infected herd, whereas white blood cell (WBC) count, eosinophil, segmented and band neutrophil count, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), concentrations of glucose, and globulins were significantly higher than in the parasite free herd. No significant correlation between the investigated blood parameters and the number of F. hepatica eggs in the feces was detected. This study shows that hematological and biochemical values can be useful in early diagnosis and prognosis of sheep fasciolosis.

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“…These studies reported that sheep do not develop resistance to reinfection. However, more recent studies have demonstrated that some immunisation protocols induce a significant protective response against challenge infection in sheep [1,25] and cattle [19,20]. Therefore, there are many questions concerning the immunological basis of susceptibility and resistance in sheep that should be elucidated [1,8,9,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotype of hepatic infiltrates and hepatic lymph nodes of lambs primarily and challenge infected with Fasciola hepatica, with and without triclabendazole treatment

Pérez¹,

Ortega²,

Bravo³

et al. 2005

Vet. Res.

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-The phenotype of the hepatic inflammatory infiltrate and hepatic lymph nodes (HLN) was analysed in lambs primarily and challenge infected with Fasciola hepatica. Group 1 was primarily and challenge infected with two doses of 200 metacercariae (mc) each and was nontreated. Trickle infection was administered to five groups: group 2 was challenge infected and nontreated; group 3 was primarily infected and non-treated; group 4 was primarily infected and treated with triclabendazole (TCBZ) at 12 weeks postinfection (wpi); group 5 was treated at 4 wpi and challenge infected and group 6 was treated at 12 wpi and challenge infected. An uninfected group was used as the control. The distribution of T cell subpopulations (CD3, CD4 and CD8), and B cells (CD79α, IgM, IgG) was analysed. The hepatic inflammatory infiltrate was represented mainly by CD3 and CD4 T cells, and B cells (CD79α, IgG). These infiltrates were more severe (P < 0.05) in primarily (group 3) or challenge (groups 2, 5 and 6) trickle infected lambs than in the group single challenge infected (group 1). Cellular changes in HLN consisted in an increase of CD4 over CD8 T cells and an increase of B cells and IgG + plasma cells, and they were more severe in primarily and challenge trickle infected groups than in the group infected with two larger doses of mc, although significant differences were not found with respect to all challenge trickle infected groups. The strong local cellular and humoral immune responses did not protect against subsequent infections, neither in non-treated lambs (group 2) nor in lambs treated with TCBZ at 4 wpi (group 5) or 12 wpi (group 6).

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Immune responses of cattle to experimental anti-Fasciola hepaticavaccines

Cited by 78 publications

References 0 publications

Fasciola hepatica Tegumental Coat Impairs Mast Cells’ Ability To Drive Th1 Immune Responses

Fasciola hepatica Tegumental Coat Impairs Mast Cells’ Ability To Drive Th1 Immune Responses

Hematological and biochemical changes in organically farmed sheep naturally infected with Fasciola hepatica

Phenotype of hepatic infiltrates and hepatic lymph nodes of lambs primarily and challenge infected with Fasciola hepatica, with and without triclabendazole treatment

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