Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Gang, Wang; Song, Tengfei; Yu, Ying; Liu, Yonggang; Shi, Wei; Wang, Shujie; FuLong, Rong; Dong, Jing; He, Ling; Cai, Xuehui; Zhou, En‐Min

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.05.004

Cited by 61 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…3C). These data are consistent with our previous results (47,74,75) showing that HP-PRRSV exhibits cell tropism in lungs and other immune organs of piglets, and leading to serious injuries in lung, thymus, and spleen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…PRRSV mainly infects primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Previous studies reported that highly pathogenic PRRSV (HP-PRRSV) infection caused severe interstitial pneumonia (44,45), and the protein levels of IL-1b, IL-10, and TNF-a were significantly elevated in HP-PRRSV-infected pigs (46,47). IL-1b level was closely correlated with persistent infection and pathogenesis of PRRSV (48).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

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DDX19A Senses Viral RNA and Mediates NLRP3-Dependent Inflammasome Activation

Liu

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a major role in innate immune responses by activating caspase-1, resulting in secretion of IL-1β and inflammatory pathologic responses. Viral RNA can induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, none of the components of NLRP3 inflammasome has the ability to bind viral RNA. Therefore, it had been proposed that there might have been some unidentified cytosolic RNA sensors that could bind viral RNA and NLRP3 to initiate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. In this study, DDX19A, a member of the DEAD/H-box protein family, was identified as a novel component of NLRP3 inflammasome using arterivirus infection as a model. We found that DDX19A interacted with viral RNA and NLRP3. Knockdown of DDX19A expression efficiently inhibited procaspase-1 cleavage and IL-1β secretion in porcine reproductive and respiration syndrome virus (PRRSV)–infected or PRRSV RNA-stimulated primary porcine alveolar macrophages. Overall, DDX19A was identified as a novel cytosolic RNA sensor that bridged PRRSV RNA and NLRP3 to activate NLRP3 inflammasome.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

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confidence: 93%

DDX19A Senses Viral RNA and Mediates NLRP3-Dependent Inflammasome Activation

Liu

et al. 2015

The Journal of Immunology

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“…The main lesions are found in the lungs, which display interstitial pneumonia (Han et al, 2014), and in lymphoid organs, where severe thymic atrophy and swelling and haemorrhage in the tonsils and lymph nodes may be observed (located in the medulla with a cut surface showing a marbled appearance), together with scattered infarcts or white spots on the surface of the spleen. Petechial haemorrhages may be observed in the renal cortex (Wang et al, 2011). Although haemorrhages in kidneys and lymph nodes are present in HP-PRRSV, the absence of hyperaemic splenomegaly and the intensity of respiratory distress, due to interstitial pneumonia, are used to make the differential diagnosis with ASF.…”

Section: Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on the Epidemiology and Pathology of African Swine Fever

Sánchez-Vizcaíno

Mur

Gómez-Villamandos

et al. 2015

Journal of Comparative Pathology

314

360

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“…and has been suggested to play a significant role in PRRSV infection, with increased apoptotic cells widely distributed within both PRRSV-1 and PRRSV-2 infected tissues (Feng et al, 2002;Labarque et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2011;Gómez-Laguna et al, 2012;He et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014;Morgan et al, 2014;Rodríguez-Gómez et al, 2014).…”

Section: Apoptosis Of Immune Cells Can Be Involved In the Immunopathomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A decrease in the relative thymus weight, associated to a decreased cellularity in the cortex and less commonly in the medulla, is a sensible indicator for immunosuppresion (Elmore, 2006;Pearse, 2006aPearse, , 2006b. Cortical involution of the thymus with a poor demarcation of cortico-medullary boundary and apoptosis of cortical thymocytes have been reported in PRRSV-2 infected piglets but data for PRRSV-1 strains are very scarce (Feng et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2011;He et al, 2012;Li et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%