Immune response to influenza vaccination

Künzel, W; Engelmann, H.; D'Hondt, E.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(94)90962-8

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Neither method 2 nor 3 explicitly include an immune lag, which we thought would be important to consider and therefore included in the current method. The lag between vaccination and immunity is commonly cited as 10–14 days [4,15] but longer or shorter intervals are possible [16–18]. Both methods 2 and 3 are most accurate when a 14-day lag is incorporated into synthetic data, and so empirically do account for a 14-day lag.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation and update of methods for estimating the number of influenza cases averted by vaccination in the United States

Tokars

Rolfes

Foppa

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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Introduction To evaluate the public health benefit of yearly influenza vaccinations, CDC estimates the number of influenza cases and hospitalizations averted by vaccine. Available input data on cases and vaccinations is aggregated by month and the estimation model is intentionally simple, raising concerns about the accuracy of estimates. Methods We created a synthetic dataset with daily counts of influenza cases and vaccinations, calculated “true” averted cases using a reference model applied to the daily data, aggregated the data by month to simulate data that would actually be available, and evaluated the month-level data with seven test methods (including the current method). Methods with averted case estimates closest to the reference model were considered most accurate. To examine their performance under varying conditions, we re-evaluated the test methods when synthetic data parameters (timing of vaccination relative to cases, vaccination coverage, infection rate, and vaccine effectiveness) were varied over wide ranges. Finally, we analyzed real (i.e., collected by surveillance) data from 2010 to 2017 comparing the current method used by CDC with the best-performing test methods. Results In the synthetic dataset (population 1 million persons, vaccination uptake 55%, seasonal infection risk without vaccination 12%, vaccine effectiveness 48%) the reference model estimated 28,768 averted cases. The current method underestimated averted cases by 9%. The two best test methods estimated averted cases with <1% error. These two methods also worked well when synthetic data parameters were varied over wide ranges (≤6.2% error). With the real data, these two methods estimated numbers of averted cases that are a median 8% higher than the currently-used method. Conclusions We identified two methods for estimating numbers of influenza cases averted by vaccine that are more accurate than the currently-used algorithm. These methods will help us to better assess the benefits of influenza vaccination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation and update of methods for estimating the number of influenza cases averted by vaccination in the United States

Tokars

Rolfes

Foppa

et al. 2018

Vaccine

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“…Both vaccines have consistently been shown to be immunogenic against strains of H1N1, H3N2 and B and have a good safety profile. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] Although the efficacy of current trivalent inactivated vaccines has been demonstrated, GSK is pursuing additional development efforts in order to further decrease mortality ⁄ morbidity caused by influenza virus, especially in the elderly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations suggest that the vaccine will provide protection for the whole influenza season in a high percentage of both adult and elderly persons. Other studies have shown that the vaccine induces a rapid immune response; and a significant increase in GMTs from baseline was measured 7 days after vaccination with the highest levels recorded after 21 days 21,22. This rapid immune response suggests that vaccination during an epidemic may still be beneficial for people who are at risk of the disease because they have not been vaccinated earlier in the season.…”

Section: Gsk Influenza Vaccine Portfoliomentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Other studies have shown that the vaccine induces a rapid immune response; and a significant increase in GMTs from baseline was measured 7 days after vaccination with the highest levels recorded after 21 days. 21,22 This rapid immune response suggests that vaccination during an epidemic may still be beneficial for people who are at risk of the disease because they have not been vaccinated earlier in the season. Since 2005, FluarixÔ has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the US.…”

Section: Fluarixômentioning

confidence: 99%

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A vaccine manufacturer’s approach to address medical needs related to seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses

Baras

Bouveret²,

Devaster

et al. 2008

Influenza Resp Viruses

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Vaccination is considered to be one of the most effective tools to decrease morbidity as well as mortality caused by influenza viruses.For the prevention of seasonal influenza, Fluarix™ and FluLaval™ have been marketed since 1987 and 1992, respectively. Both vaccines have consistently been shown to meet or exceed the regulatory criteria for immunogenicity against the three strains H1N1, H3N2 and B, have a good safety profile, and are recommended for vaccinating children and adults of all ages.For the prevention of pandemic influenza, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) has obtained licensure of a pre-pandemic vaccine, Prepandrix™. This split-virus H5N1 adjuvanted with AS03, a proprietary oil-in-water emulsion-based adjuvant system, has demonstrated broad immunity against drifted H5N1 strains and has been shown to be effective in preventing mortality and viral shedding in animal studies.The influenza vaccine portfolio of GSK addresses specific medical needs related to seasonal or pandemic influenza viruses, which remain an important public health threat worldwide.

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Kinetics of humoral antibody response to trivalent inactivated split influenza vaccine in subjects previously vaccinated or vaccinated for the first time

Künzel¹

1996

Vaccine

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Immune response to influenza vaccination

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

An evaluation and update of methods for estimating the number of influenza cases averted by vaccination in the United States

An evaluation and update of methods for estimating the number of influenza cases averted by vaccination in the United States

A vaccine manufacturer’s approach to address medical needs related to seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses

Kinetics of humoral antibody response to trivalent inactivated split influenza vaccine in subjects previously vaccinated or vaccinated for the first time

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