Immune potentials of the<i>Mucor</i>-fermented Mao-tofu and especially its soluble extracts for the normal mice

Liu, Xin; Zhao, Xin‐Huai

doi:10.1080/09540105.2017.1318834

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The splenocytes were isolated from female BALB/c mice as previously described [36]. In detail, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and submerged in 75% alcohol for 5 min.…”

Section: Preparation Of Splenocytes and Assays Of Splenocytes Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The T-lymphocyte subpopulations were measured following a previous study [36]. Briefly, 1.0 mL splenocytes (1 × 10 6 cells/mL) were seeded into 12-well plates and added with 0.5 mL of the samples (dose levels of 5-80 µg/mL) together with Con A (5 µg/mL) to stimulate the cells for 48 h. Then, the cells were centrifuged at 170× g for 5 min, washed twice by the PBS, and suspended into the PBS to reach 2 × 10 6 cells/mL.…”

Section: Assays Of T-lymphocyte Subpopulations and Cytokine Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Guan

Lin

et al. 2021

Foods

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The immunomodulation of chemically selenylated polysaccharides has been attracting more attention recently, but the corresponding performance of the yam polysaccharides (YPS) with lower selenylation extent remains, thus far, unsolved. In this study, the YPS was selenylated with Na2SeO3 under acidic conditions generated by HNO3 to reach two lower selenylation extents, yielding two selenylated YPSs, namely SeYPS-1 and SeYPS-2 with selenium contents of 715 and 1545 mg/kg, respectively. The results indicated that YPS, SeYPS-1, and SeYPS-2 all had in vitro immuno-modulation when using RAW 264.7 macrophages and murine splenocytes as cell models. In detail, the three polysaccharide samples at dose levels of 5–160 μg/mL showed insignificant cytotoxicity to the macrophages and splenocytes with cell exposure times of 12–24 h, because of the measured values of cell viability larger than 100%. However, Na2SeO3 at dose levels of 1.3–3.25 μg/mL mostly caused obvious cytotoxic effects on the cells, resulting in reduced cell viability values or cell death, efficiently. The results demonstrated that, compared with YPS, both SeYPS-1 and SeYPS-2 at a lower dose level (5 μg/mL) were more active at promoting phagocytosis activity, increasing the CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the T-lymphocyte sub-population in the murine splenocyte, improving cytokine secretion, including interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α in the macrophages, or increasing interferon-γ secretion, but suppressing IL-4 production in the splenocytes. Consistently, SeYPS-2 has more potential than SeYPS-1 at exerting these assessed bioactivities in the cells. Thus, we conclude that a chemical modification of YPS using trace element Se at a lower selenylation extent could bring about higher immunomodulatory activity towards macrophages and splenocytes, while selenylation extent of YPS is a critical factor used to govern the assessed activity changes of YPS.

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“…The splenocytes were isolated from female BALB/c mice as previously described [36]. In detail, the mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and submerged in 75% alcohol for 5 min.…”

Section: Preparation Of Splenocytes and Assays Of Splenocytes Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Assays Of T-lymphocyte Subpopulations and Cytokine Secretionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Guan

Lin

et al. 2021

Foods

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“…A significant positive correlation between 2‐pentylfuran and the dominant species Actinomucor elegans ( P = 0.002), while a significant negative correlation of 2‐pentylfuran with Monascus kaoliang ( P = 0.016) and Trichosporon brassicae ( P = 0.05) were found. Actinomucor elegans can produce rich protease and lipase, which can greatly promote the degradation of proteins and fats and can form a special creamy flavour of sufu (Liu & Zhao, 2017). Hexadecanoic acid ethyl ester and linoleic acid ethyl ester were negatively correlated with Actinomucor elegans ( P 1 = 0.006, P 2 = 0.005), and positively correlated with Monascus kaoliang ( P 1 = 0.007, P 2 = 0.009) and Trichosporon brassicae ( P 1 = 0.008, P 2 = 0.008).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic monitoring and correlation analysis of flavour quality and bacterial community during sufu fermentation

Wang

et al. 2023

Int J of Food Sci Tech

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SummaryDynamic changes in the flavor quality and microbial composition of sufu in the whole fermentation were studied, and the correlation between them was analyzed. Totally 135 volatile flavors were identified. The types of volatile substances in sufu ripening for 90 d reached 44, which mainly contributed to volatile components of odor including 1‐octen‐3‐ol (ROAV=89.89), phenylethyl alcohol (ROAV=25.05), benzaldehyde (ROAV=46.82), octanoic acid ethyl ester (ROAV=49.01) and 2‐pentyl furan (ROAV=100). Glutamate acid, aspartic acid and 5'‐guanylate contributed significantly to sufu post‐fermentation (TAV>1). The microorganisms in sufu were identified using internal transcribed spacer sequencing technology. The correlations among volatile flavor, taste substances and bacterial community structure were tested via Spearman analysis. Monascus kaoliang promoted the accumulation of most taste components and ethyl ester flavor substances, while Actinomucor elegans inhibited the accumulation of most flavor substances in sufu. This study could potentially help for rational design of microbial communities to improve sufu quality.

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“…However, the liver index decreased in the LP groups, indicating that LP effectively alleviated the DG-induced damage to the mouse livers. The spleen and thymus are important immune organs in the body, controlling the production of antibodies and immune cells (Liu & Zhao, 2017). The spleen and thymus indices directly reflect the body's immune capacity (Peng et al, 2014).…”

Section: Effect Of Lp On Visceral Indicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of loach paste on the liver and immune organs of D-galactose-induced ageing mice

Liu

Pei

Wang

et al. 2017

Food and Agricultural Immunology

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We examined the effects of loach paste (LP) on liver and immune organs of D-galactose (DG)-induced aging mice. The results showed that LP can alleviate the atrophy of spleen and thymus, and restore the blood glucose levels. LP was particularly beneficial to liver. Liver indices and activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase reduced with high doses of LP. Moreover, LP can improve the antioxidant system in liver by increasing the activities of total superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, reducing malondialdehyde concentration. Furthermore, LP can improve immunity and reduce the inflammation of liver. The swelling of liver cells was alleviated and the cell arrangement returned to normal in the LP group. In addition, gene expressions of HSP70 and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in liver which can promote inflammatory cytokine decreased significantly. Thus, regular LP intake effectively relieved DG-induced oxidative stress and alleviated liver and immune organs damage.

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Immune potentials of theMucor-fermented Mao-tofu and especially its soluble extracts for the normal mice

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

In Vitro Immunomodulation of the Polysaccharides from Yam (Dioscorea opposita Thunb.) in Response to a Selenylation of Lower Extent

Dynamic monitoring and correlation analysis of flavour quality and bacterial community during sufu fermentation

Effect of loach paste on the liver and immune organs of D-galactose-induced ageing mice

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