Immune deficiency and the lung

Woodsford, Mairi A.M.; Spencer, David A.; Cant, Andrew J.

doi:10.1016/j.paed.2010.10.012

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In innate immune system, macrophages and other phagocytes engulf invading pathogens and fuse the pathogen-containing phagosome with a lysosome containing lysosomal enzymes that destroys the pathogen. This process is aided by the generation of hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals (Woodsford et al, 2010). Imbalance between production and destruction of ROS/RNS creates a homeostatic distortion resulting in oxidative stress (Catala, 2009).…”

Section: Some Of the Commonly Encountered Opportunistic And Enteropatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities

Ahmed

McGaw

Elgorashi

et al. 2014

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphical abstractPhenolic-enriched extracts of four Combretum species namely Combretum bracteosum, Combretum padoides, Combretum vendae and Combretum woodii used in South African traditional medicine to treat various ranges diseases were evaluated against some diarrhoeal aetiologies. All the crude extracts and their fractions of varied polarities had good antimicrobial (non-polar fractions) or good antioxidant (polar fractions) activity. The crude extract of all the plant species were cytotoxic to Vero cell lines but did not lead to COX enzyme inhibition. Phenolic-enriched extractsFour Combretum species traditionally used for treating infectious and gastrointestinal complications in southern Africa In vitro assays: antioxidant, anti-inflammation, antimicrobial, cytotoxicity AbstractEthnopharmacological importance: Infections and gastrointestinal (GIT) disorders such as diarrhoea causes many problems in human health and animal production. Many Combretum species are used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases by rural people in Africa and Asia. Much of the work done to date on some species to validate their ethnopharmacological use was on the non-polar or intermediate polarity components. Many species are yet to be studied against relevant disease parameters using more polar extracts. Aims:The polar components were extracted and fractionated by solvent-solvent fractionation to yield fractions of different polarities. The activity of these fractions on different parameters that could be involved in infectious and gastrointestinal track (GIT) disorders was investigated. The cytotoxic activities of the extracts were also determined to evaluate the potential of these extracts to combat diarrhoea in production animals. Materials and Methods:Phenolic-enriched leaf extracts of Combretum bracteosum (Cob), Combretum padoides (Cop), Combretum vendae (Cov) and Combretum woodii (Cow) were obtained by extracting with a mixture of 70% acetone acidified with 1% HCl and n-hexane. The extract was sequentially treated by solvent-solvent fractionation with dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and butanol to yield fractions with a large variation in polarity. The phenolic constituents of the extracts and fractions were determined using standard procedures. The antioxidant activities were determined using various standard methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the crude extracts and fractions against four bacterial and three fungal strains were assessed with a microplate serial dilution method.Cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme inhibitory assays and cytotoxicity studies against Vero cells were also carried out.Result: Some of the fractions had much higher antioxidant activity than the positive controls. The average EC 50 values of the extracts for the DPPH and ABTS antioxidant assays were 0.21-12 µg/ml (Cop), 0.25-16 µg/ml (Cov), 0.33-9.41 µg/ml (Cow) and 4.97-85 µg/ml (Cob) respectively while the mean EC 50 values for the positive controls ascorbic acid and trolox were 1.28-1.51 and 1.02-1.19 ...

show abstract

Section: Some Of the Commonly Encountered Opportunistic And Enteropatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities

Ahmed

McGaw

Elgorashi

et al. 2014

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Results from other studies have indicated that Staphylococcus -associated pneumonia and bronchial aspergillosis [ 40 ] are seen in CGD; lung abscesses represent usual characteristics in hyper IgE syndrome (HIES); and interstitial pneumonia may be observed in patients with SCID [ 41 ] (Table IV ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attending to Warning Signs of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Across the Range of Clinical Practice

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PurposePatients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDD) may present with recurrent infections affecting different organs, organ-specific inflammation/autoimmunity, and also increased cancer risk, particularly hematopoietic malignancies. The diversity of PIDD and the wide age range over which these clinical occurrences become apparent often make the identification of patients difficult for physicians other than immunologists. The aim of this report is to develop a tool for educative programs targeted to specialists and applied by clinical immunologists.MethodsConsidering the data from national surveys and clinical reports of experiences with specific PIDD patients, an evidence-based list of symptoms, signs, and corresponding laboratory tests were elaborated to help physicians other than immunologists look for PIDD.ResultsTables including main clinical manifestations, restricted immunological evaluation, and possible related diagnosis were organized for general practitioners and 5 specialties. Tables include information on specific warning signs of PIDD for pulmonologists, gastroenterologists, dermatologists, hematologists, and infectious disease specialists.ConclusionsThis report provides clinical immunologists with an instrument they can use to introduce specialists in other areas of medicine to the warning signs of PIDD and increase early diagnosis. Educational programs should be developed attending the needs of each specialty.

show abstract

“…• das Mannose-bindende Lectin (MBP), • der Makrophagen-Scavenger-Rezeptor, • die Surfactantproteine A und D und • die Toll-like-Rezeptoren (20,21). Den Toll-like-Rezeptoren (TLRs) TLR-2 und TLR-4 kommt als signalgebenden Host-Pattern-Recognition-Rezeptoren eine Schlüsselrolle in der Immunantwort bei Infektionen mit grampositiven und auch gramnegativen Bakterien zu (22).…”

Section: Angeborenes Immunsystem Und Neutrophile Invasionunclassified

Chronisch produktiver Husten im Kindesalter

Irnstetter¹,

Kappler²,

Griese³

2013

Kinder- und Jugendmedizin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ZusammenfassungDie persistierende bakterielle Bronchitis (PBB) stellt eine der häufigsten Ursachen von chronisch produktivem Husten im Kindesalter dar.Neben anderen Ursachen führen insbesondere rezidivierende virale Infektionen und Nikotinexposition zu einer gestörten mukoziliären Clearance, welche die Besiedlung der unteren Atemwege mit pathogenen Keimen, wie z. B. S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae und Moraxella catarrhalis begünstigt. Dies führt zu einer Aktivierung des angeborenen Immunsystems und induziert eine chronische endobronchiale neutrophile Inflammation. Lang-fristig drohen die Entstehung einer chronisch suppurativen Lungenerkrankung (CSLD) und die Ausbildung von Bronchiektasen. Nach Ausschluss anderer spezifischer Ursachen von chronischem Husten wird die Diagnose anhand der typischen klinischen Symptomatik und des Sistierens des Hustens unter einem prolongierten antibiotischen Behandlungszyklus sowie begleitender Inhalationsund Physiotherapie gestellt.

show abstract

Immune deficiency and the lung

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities

Polarity of extracts and fractions of four Combretum (Combretaceae) species used to treat infections and gastrointestinal disorders in southern African traditional medicine has a major effect on different relevant in vitro activities

Attending to Warning Signs of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases Across the Range of Clinical Practice

Chronisch produktiver Husten im Kindesalter

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About